Table 1.
Demographics and clinical characteristics of ICU patients and HDU patients with MDAIs
| Characteristics | Total patients [N = 90, n (%)] | ICU patients with MDAIs [N = 46, n (%)] | HDU patients with MDAIs [N = 44, n (%)] |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | |||
| Mean (SD) | 51.8 (13.2) | 54.2 (12.5) | 49.3 (13.7) |
| Median (P25–P75) | 55 (43.1–62.3) | 56 (43.8–62.2) | 51 (38.3–32.8) |
| Gender | |||
| Male | 61 (67.8) | 32 (35.6) | 29 (32.2) |
| Female | 29 (32.2) | 14 (15.6) | 15 (16.7) |
| Comorbidities | |||
| Chronic kidney disease | 74 (82.2) | 33 (36.6) | 41 (45.5) |
| Hypertension | 71 (78.9) | 40 (44.4) | 31 (34.4) |
| Uncontrolled diabetes mellitus | 41 (45.6) | 26 (28.9) | 15 (16.7) |
| Ischemic heart disease | 28 (31.1) | 21 (23.3) | 7 (7.8) |
| Neurological disease | 10 (11.1) | 7 (7.8) | 3 (3.3) |
| Chronic liver disease | 7 (7.8) | 5 (5.6) | 2 (2.2) |
| Asthma or COPD exacerbation | 7 (7.8) | 3 (3.3) | 4 (4.4) |
| Immune status | |||
| Immunocompromised | 62 (68.9) | 40 (86.9) | 22 (50) |
| Immunocompetent | 28 (31.1) | 11 (23.9) | 17 (38.6) |
| Types of MDAI (N = 104), n (%) | |||
| CLABSI | 64 (61.5) | 25 (46.3) | 39 (78) |
| CAUTI | 21 (20.2) | 10 (18.5) | 11 (22) |
| VAP | 19 (18.3) | 19 (35.2) | – |
| Site of venous cannulation | |||
| Femoral vein | 37 (41.1) | 18 (20) | 19 (21.1) |
| Jugular vein | 24 (26.6) | 14 (15.5) | 10 (11.1) |
| Basilic vein | 20 (22.2) | 09 (10) | 11 (12.2) |
| Subclavian vein | 09 (10.6) | 05 (5.6) | 04 (4.4) |
| Duration of catheterization (d) | |||
| Median (P25–P75) | 10 (7–18) | 10 (6–13) | 9 (7–18) |
| ≥12 days | 40 (44.4) | 22 (47.8) | 18 (40.9) |
| <12 days | 50 (55.6) | 24 (52.2) | 26 (59.1) |
| Length of ICU/HDU hospitalization (d) | |||
| Median (P25–P75) | 7 (4–9) | 7 (5–9) | 6 (4–8) |
| ICU/HDU hospitalization | |||
| ≥7 days | 57 (63.3) | 34 (73.9) | 23 (52.3) |
| Endotracheal intubation | – | 12 (26.1) | – |
| Tracheostomy | – | 7 (15.2) | – |
| Mortality rate | |||
| Survived: Not survived | 88:2 | 44:2 | 44:0 |
CLABSI, central-line associated bloodstream infection; CAUTI, catheter associated urinary tract infection; COPD, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; HDU, high dependency unit; ICU, intensive care unit; VAP, ventilator associated pneumonia