Table 2.
Neuroimaging results of the included studies.
| Age groups | Studies | Neuroimaging results |
|---|---|---|
| LLD patients with SA | Shao et al. (2022), China [21] | Decreased GMV in the default mode network and lateral PFC. |
| Hwang et al. (2010), China [22] | Decreased GMV in insula and the posterior cingulate region. | |
| Eileen et al. (2001), the United States [23] | Subcortical gray matter hyperintensities. | |
| MAD patients with SA | Wang et al. (2021), China [24] | Increased gray matter density in the left striatum of reward system. |
| Zhang et al. (2020), China [25] | Decreased GMV in the left and right DLPFC and right VLPFC. | |
| Yang et al. (2020), China [26] | Decreased GMV in the right inferior frontal orbital gyrus and left caudate but increased in the left calcarine fissure. | |
| Wang et al. (2019), China [27] | Decreased GMV in the right and left amygdala, ventral/medial/dorsal PFC. | |
| Mina et al. (2019), the United States [28] | Increased GMV in the PFC and insula. | |
| Lee et al. (2016), Korea [29] | Decreased GMV in the left angular gyrus and right cerebellum. | |
| Warren et al. (2015), the United States [30] | Decreased cortical thickness in the left fronto-parietal regions and the insula. | |
| Romain et al. (2015), France [31] | Decreased GMV in the hippocampus. | |
| Peng et al. (2014), China [32] | Decreased GMV in the right middle temporal gyrus and increased in the right parietal lobe when compared to HCs; and decreased in the left limbic cingulate gyrus when compared with the group of non-suicidal MAD patients. | |
| Wagner et al. (2012), Germany [33] | Decreased cortical thickness in the left DLPFC, VLPFC and the anterior cingulate. | |
| Monku et al. (2007), the United States [34] | Decreased GMV in the right and left OFC when compared with HCs; increased in the right amygdala volumes when compared with non-suicidal MAD patients. | |
| AOD with SA | Liu et al. (2021), China [35] | Increased GMV in the right middle frontal gyrus and left angular gyrus. |
| Anthony et al. (2021), France [36] | Increased cortical thickness in the temporal cortices and right insula, and right putamen volume. | |
| Lisa et al. (2015), the United States [37] | Decreased GMV in the right superior temporal gyrus (BA38). |
AOD: adolescent depression; DLPFC: dorsolateral prefrontal cortex; GMV: gray matter volume; LLD: late-life depression; MAD: middle-aged depression; MDD: major depressive disorder; OFC: orbital frontal cortex; PFC: prefrontal cortex; SA: suicide attempts; VLPFC: ventrolateral prefrontal cortex; VMPFC: ventromedial prefrontal cortex.