Table 2.
the prevalence of WMSDs in different body regions among computer users, 2023.
| Author (year, country) | MSDs prevalence by body region (%) |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lower back | Upper back | Neck | Shoulder | Elbow | Wrist/hand | Hip/thigh | Knee | Ankle/foot | |
| Dagne et al. (2016/17, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia | 54 | 35.4 | 38 | 40.9 | 13.3 | 16.6 | 18.9 | 21.3 | 15.1 |
| Dixit et al. (2019, Mangaluru, India) | 27.1 | 14.2 | 26.9 | 20.7 | 7.5 | 15.2 | 6.4 | 12.5 | 22.7 |
| Amin et al. (2015, Dhaka, Bangladeshi) | 48 | 22 | 75.2 | 30.8 | 8.5 | 19 | 6 | 10.8 | 5.2 |
| Darvishi et al. (2013, Kurdistan, Iran) | 44 | 36 | 48 | 26 | 12 | 20 | 8 | 12 | 20 |
| Noha S. Elshaer (2016, Alexandria, Egypt) | NS | NS | 69 | 70 | NS | 73 | NS | NS | NS |
| Pate et al. (2018/19, Bhopal, India) | 34.7 | 52.2 | 55.2 | 49.8 | 12.3 | 24.3 | 12.7 | 11.2 | 6.5 |
| Abdullah S. and Abdullah M (2020/21, Buraydah, Saudi Ariba) | 66.9 | 41.7 | 59.4 | 51.4 | 16 | 26.9 | 26.3 | 33.7 | 43.4 |
| Jubilant K and Godfred K (2012, Kumasi, Ghana) | 64.8 | 61.7 | 47.4 | 37.4 | 15.2 | 3.4 | 13.9 | 2.2 | 6.5 |
| Khan et al. (2017/28, Hayat, Pakistan) | 18.5 | NS | 14.8 | 12.1 | 2.5 | NS | 3 | 3 | 2.5 |
| Dixit et al. (2014, Punjab, India) | 40.4 | 39.5 | 38.6 | 15.2 | 10 | 36.8 | 6.2 | 2.2 | 36 |
| Sulaiman er al (2014/15, Tamil Nadu, India) | 51.8 | 39.6 | 48.2 | 40.2 | 5 | 6 | 3 | 2 | 4 |
| I. T. S. Yu & T. W. Wong (1996, Hong Kong, China) | NS | NS | 31.4 | 16.5 | NS | 14.9 | NS | NS | NS |
| Etana et al. (2019, Jimma, Ethiopia | 54 | 42.7 | 45.4 | 37.9 | 9 | 14 | 8.4 | 13.7 | 11.3 |
| Akrouf et al. (2006, Kuwait) | 51.1 | 38.4 | 53.5 | 49.2 | 11.5 | 28.3 | 13.3 | 22.9 | 16.8 |
| Demissie et al. (2021, South Gondar, Ethiopia) | 38.9 | 32.9 | 45.3 | 26.4 | 16.3 | 19.7 | 12.8 | 15.2 | 10.6 |
| Kibret et al. (2018, Mekelle, Ethiopia) | 40.4 | 33.6 | 35.2 | 29.6 | 18.2 | 15.3 | 10.4 | 16 | 11.1 |
| Maduagwu et al. (2013/14, Maiduguri, Nigeria) | 45.1 | 32.3 | 56.6 | 46 | 15.9 | 17.2 | 14.2 | 19.9 | 14.6 |
| Shanshan Wu et al. (2008, China) | 6.6 | 26.2 | 55.5 | 50.7 | NS | 31.5 | NS | NS | NS |
| Ranasinghe P et al. (2009, Colombo, Sri Lankan) | NS | NS | 37.1 | 34.3 | 11 | 21.4 | NS | NS | NS |
| Navidi F et al. (2021, Qazvin, Iran) | 63.2 | 31.6 | 52.6 | 42.1 | 15.8 | 26.4 | 31.6 | 42.1 | 10.5 |
| Oha K et al. (2008, Estonian) | 42 | NS | 51 | 30 | NS | 35 | NS | NS | NS |
| Aziz A & Azmi N (2022, Malaysia) | 62 | 64 | 78 | 72 | NS | NS | NS | NS | NS |
| Noraziera Z & Norzaida A (2018, Shah Alam, Malaysia) | 70.9 | 44.2 | 65.1 | 68.6 | 20.9 | 50 | 25.6 | 4.9 | 33.7 |
| Habibi E et al. (2022, Isfahan, Iran) | NS | NS | 54.9 | NS | 43.2 | 31.5 | NS | 39.6 | 18.9 |
NS: not specified.