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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 1.
Published in final edited form as: Assessment. 2023 Jun 20;31(3):745–757. doi: 10.1177/10731911231180127

Table 3.

Test–Retest Correlations in COWA Scores, by Study Strata.

Group M (SD) Visit 1 M (SD) Visit 2 Pearson’s r
Total   24.4 (11.4)   24.3 (11.1) .77
Sex
 Male   23.4 (11.5)   22.5 (11.3) .75
 Female   24.8 (11.4)   25.1 (11.0) .77
Age in years
 60–69   26.9 (10.3)   26.5 (11.0) .76
 70–79   23.7 (11.7)   22.8 (11.1) .76
 80 +   20.7 (11.7)   21.5 (9.9) .80
Education in years
 ⩽12   20.5 (10.0)   21.1 (10.0) .76
 >13   28.9 (11.3)   27.4 (11.3) .73
Native language spoken well
 Not at all   26.0 (11.5)   25.4 (11.6) .79
 A little   25.1 (10.9)   24.0 (11.6) .75
 Moderately well   27.2 (12.2)   24.3 (11.3) .70
 Very well   20.3 (10.3)   23.0 (9.4) .80

Note. COWA = Controlled Oral Word Association.

All Pearson correlations were significant, p < .05; all pairwise comparisons of stability coefficients were insignificant, p > .05.