Table 3.
List of phytochemicals that modulate key cellular signaling pathways that affect the expression of ABC drug transporters
| ABC transporter |
Phytochemical | Experimental model |
Mechanism of action | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| ABCB1 | Poncirin | Osteosarcoma MG63/CDDP and U2OS/CDDP cells | Downregulates ABCB1 expression by inhibiting PI3k/Akt pathway and reverses cisplatin resistance | (Zhao et al., 2021) |
| 4-hydroxyphenyl retinamide | Acute myeloid leukemic cells | Inhibits NF-κB and decreases ABCB1 expression | (Hui Zhang et al., 2020) | |
| Icaritin | Osteosarcoma MG-63/DOX cells | Inhibits STAT3 phosphorylation and decreases ABCB1 expression | (Wang et al., 2018) | |
| Fangchinoline | CEM/ADR5000 | Decreases P-gp expression and increases Dox accumulation | (Sun and Wink, 2014) | |
| Tetrandine | Leukemic K562 cells | Decreases mRNA and protein expression of P-gp by inhibiting the NF-κB pathway | (Shen et al., 2010) | |
| Feroniellin A | Lung cancer A549RT-eto cells | Inhibits NF-κB and decreases P-gp expression | (Kaewpibo on et al., 2014) | |
| Oroxylin A | Breast cancer MCF7/ADR cells | Suppresses P-gp expression through Chk2/P53/ NF-κB pathway | (Zhu et al., 2013) | |
| Saikosaponin D | Breast cancer MCF7/ADR cells | Decreases mRNA and protein expression of P-gp | (Li et al., 2017) | |
| Ampelopsin | Leukemic K562/ADR cells | Decreases P-gp expression and enhances ADR accumulation | (Ye et al., 2009) | |
| Indole curcumin | MDR A549 cells | Downregulation of ABCB1 and COX 2 genes | ||
| ABCG2 | Nuciferine | A549/T and HCT8/T | Inhibits PI3K/Akt/Nrf2 pathway and suppresses BCRP expression | (Liu et al., 2020) |
| Ursolic acid | SKOV-sp | Downregulates ABCG2 and HIF-1α by inhibiting PI3K/Akt pathway | (Wang et al., 2016) | |
| Diflourinated curcumin analogue | Pancreatic AsPC-1 and MiaPaCa-2 cancer cells | Decreases ABCG2 expression | (Bao et al., 2012) | |
| Curcumin | Breast cancer MDA-MB-231 and MCF-7 | Reduces ABCG2 expression and decreases breast cancer stem cell population | (Zhou et al., 2015) | |
| Poncirin | Osteosarcoma MG63/CDDP and U2OS/CDDP cells | Downregulates ABCG2expression by inhibiting PI3k/Akt | (Zhao et al., 2021) | |
| Guajadial | Breast cancer MCF-7/ADR and MCF-7/PTX cells | Inhibits the expression of ABCG2by suppressing PI3k/Akt pathway | (Li et al., 2019) | |
| Epigallocatechi n gallate | Breast cancer MCF-7TAM cells | Decreases ABCG2 expression | (Farabegoli et al., 2010) | |
| Resveratrol | PC9/G NSCLC cells | Combined with gefitinib decreasesABCG2 expression | (Zhu et al., 2015) | |
| ABCC1 | Berberine | MCF-7/DOXFluc | DecreasesABCC1 expression and enhances DOX accumulation | (Qian et al., 2021) |
| Triptolide | Epidermoid cancer KB-7D, KB-tax cells and tumor xenograft | Decreases MRP1 protein expression and combined with 5-fluorouracil showed synergistic cytotoxic effects | (Chen et al., 2010) | |
| Tetrandrine | Esophageal squamous carcinoma YES-2/DDP cells | Decreases MRP1 expression and reverses cisplatin resistance | (Wang et al., 2012) | |
| Piperine | A-549/DDP | Decreases ABCC1 mRNA expressions and reverses doxorubicin resistance | (Li et al., 2011) | |
| Quercetin | HL-60/ADM, K562/ADM | Decreases ABCC1gene and MRP1 expression | (Cai et al., 2004) | |
| 6-Gingerol, 10-Gingerol | Prostate cancer PC3 and PC3R | Decrease in MRP1 protein expression | (Liu et al., 2017) | |
| Daidzein | Breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells | Downregulate MRP1 protein expression | (Rigalli et al., 2019) | |
| Nobiletin | NSCLC A549/ADR cancer cells | Decreases MRP1 expression via modulating Akt/GSK3β/β-Catenin/MYCN signaling pathway and combined with ADR increased cytotoxicity in MDR cells | (Moon et al., 2018) |