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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2025 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Neuropsychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2023 Aug 10;36(1):53–62. doi: 10.1176/appi.neuropsych.20220094

Table 2.

Psychosocial and Neurological Correlates of Novel ODD/CD

Novel ODD/CD (N=10) No Novel ODD/CD (N=85) OR 95% CI p
Socioeconomic Status (mean +/− SD) 28.2 15.7 n=9 37.3 11.9 0.95 0.91, 1.01 0.082
Pre-injury Family Functioning (mean +− SD) 1.90 .43 n=9 1.61 .50 n=80 1.94 0.69, 5.47 0.211
Pre-injury Psychosocial Adversity score (mean +/− SD) 1.50 1.27 .80 .99 n=82 1.71 1.01, 2.90 0.049
Frontal White Matter Lesion (N; %) 5 50 14 18 N=79 5.27 1.41, 19.71 0.016

Legend: The values are expressed for children with novel ODD/CD (n=10) and for children with no novel ODD/CD (n=85) unless otherwise indicated due to missing data. CI = confidence interval; ODD/CD = oppositional defiant disorder or conduct disorder; OR = odds ratio; SD = standard deviation