Table 2:
Critical appraisal for randomized controlled trials
| Citation | Q1 | Q2 | Q3 | Q4 | Q5 | Q6 | Q7 | Q8 | Q9 | Q10 | Q11 | Q12 | Q13 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Anand, et al.,53 2016 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Balducci, et al.,61 2012 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Bebenek et al.,57 2010 | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Brotons et al.,67 2021 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Curtis et al.,59 2012 | Y | Y | Y | U | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Elramli,55 2017 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Fontana et al.,60 2007 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Hanlon et al.,54 1995 | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Kemmler et al.,56 2010. | Y | Y | Y | Y | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Khanji et al.,66 2019 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Lakerveld et al.,64 2013 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Lukaczer et al.,58 2006 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Márquez-celedonio et al.,65 2009 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Riddell et al.,63 2016 | Y | Y | Y | N | N | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Tuthill et al.,62 2007 | Y | U | Y | N | N | U | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y | Y |
| Total % | 100 | 100 | 100 | 27 | 7 | 60 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 | 100 |
Y, yes; N, no; U, unclear; N/A, not applicable.
JBI critical appraisal checklist for quasi-experimental studies
Q1 Was true randomization used for assignment of participants to treatment groups?
Q7 Were treatment groups treated identically other than the intervention of interest?
Q2 Was allocation to treatment groups concealed?
Q8 Was follow-up complete, and if not, were strategies to address incomplete follow-up utilized?
Q3 Were treatment groups similar at baseline?
Q9 Were participants analyzed in the groups to which they were randomized?
Q4 Were participants blind to treatment assignment?
Q10 Were outcomes measured in the same way for treatment groups?
Q5 Were those delivering treatment blind to treatment assignment?
Q11 Were outcomes measured in a reliable way?
Q6 Were outcome assessors blind to treatment assignment?
Q12 Was appropriate statistical analysis used?
Q13 Was the trial design appropriate, and any deviations from the standard RCT design (individual randomization, parallel groups) accounted for in the conduct and analysis of the trial?