. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Nov 1.

Published in final edited form as: Lancet Respir Med. 2023 Aug 23;11(11):965–974. doi: 10.1016/S2213-2600(23)00237-0

Table 2. Clinical outcomes in the two molecular phenotypes.

Differences in outcome between the Hypoinflammatory and Hyperinflammatory phenotypes across four sepsis cohorts.

	Hypoinflammatory			Hyperinflammatory			P-value
	N	ICU free days	Mortality	N	ICU free days	Mortality	ICU free days	Mortality
VALID ^*	804	21 (11 -24)	133 (17%)	336	7 (0 - 22)	143 (43%)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
EARLI ^*	530	23 (17 - 25)	107 (20%)	288	12 (0 - 23)	129 (45%)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
VALID^* ARDS excluded	532	23 (17 - 25)	70 (13%)	236	16 (0 - 23)	80 (34%)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
EARLI^* ARDS excluded	346	24 (21 - 25)	48 (14%)	226	22 (0 - 24)	77 (34%)	< 0.0001	< 0.0001
PROWESS-SHOCK ^**	1142	13 (0 - 20)	233 (20%)	538	0 (0 - 14)	192 (36%)	< 0.0001	<0.0001
VASST ^**	455	11 (0 - 20)	127 (28%)	323	0 (0 - 12)	163 (51%)	< 0.0001	<0.0001

In-hospital mortality;

^**

Mortality at Day 28.

Intensive care unit (ICU) free days were censored at Day 28, such that patients that died before Day 28 were assigned zero ICU-free days. P-values for ICU free days were generated using the Wilcoxon-rank test and for mortality using the Chi-square test.