The effect of small-quantity LNSs on estimated total GWG at delivery. The total GWG at delivery was estimated by multiplying the percentage adequacy of GWG by the IOM-recommended GWG at delivery, which was calculated based on the gestational age at delivery and BMI category for each individual woman. The sample size by small-quantity LNS/control arms for each trial was 431/447, 817/2315, 369/370, and 670/607, respectively. GWG, gestational weight gain; LNS, lipid-based nutrient supplement.