TABLE 2.
The effect of prenatal nutritional supplements on percentage adequacy of GWG and estimated total GWG at delivery1
| Intervention | ||
|---|---|---|
| Outcome | MMSs | Small-quantity LNSs |
| Percentage adequacy,2 % | ||
| Studies, n | 14 | 4 |
| Participants, total n | 45,507 | 6237 |
| Participants, n by intervention/control arms | 22,940/22,567 | 2335/3902 |
| WMD (95% CI), fixed-effects | 0.86 (0.28, 1.44) | 1.51 (−0.38, 3.40) |
| WMD (95% CI), random-effects | 0.90 (0.08, 1.71) | 2.55 (−1.42, 6.52) |
| I2,3 % | 13.3 | 69.5 |
| P-heterogeneity | 0.31 | 0.02 |
| Total GWG, g | ||
| Studies, n | 14 | 4 |
| Participants, total n | 45,455 | 6026 |
| Participants, n by intervention/control arms | 22,914/22,541 | 2287/3739 |
| WMD (95% CI), fixed-effects | 209 (139, 280) | 152 (−71, 376) |
| WMD (95% CI), random-effects | 186 (43, 329) | 203 (−123, 529) |
| I2,3 % | 52.5 | 42.2 |
| P-heterogeneity | 0.01 | 0.16 |
1
GWG, gestational weight gain; LNS, lipid-based nutrient supplement; MMS, multiple micronutrient supplement; WMD, weighted mean difference.
2
The percentage adequacy of GWG was calculated by dividing the actual GWG at the last weight measure during pregnancy by the recommended GWG according to the Institute of Medicine (IOM) 2009 guideline, multiplied by 100.
3
I2 is a statistic index used to assess heterogeneity across trials, with thresholds of <30%, 30–60%, and >60% considered low, moderate, and high heterogeneity, respectively.