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. 2024 Feb 5;15:1069. doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-45152-y

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© The Author(s) 2024

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 4 — a Estimates from the Bangladesh trial (90 matched pairs in 19 subdistricts) for 14 outcomes, sorted by the relative efficiency of the pair matched estimator. b Estimates from the Kenya trial (72 matched pairs in 10 subdistricts) for 12 outcomes, sorted by the relative efficiency of the pair matched estimator. MacArthur-Bates Communicative Development Inventory (CDI) comprehension and expression were only measured in the Bangladesh trial. In both panels, relative efficiency was estimated as the ratio of the variance between a non-parametric, unmatched estimator and each alternative estimator. Created with notebooks https://osf.io/89g7m and https://osf.io/d2x3b.