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. 2023 Nov 28;53(2):577–592. doi: 10.1007/s10508-023-02741-0

Table 1.

Means and standard deviations for dependent variables

Overall BDSM community Other minority community Majority
M SD M SD M SD M SD
Explicit consent (0 = no, 1 = yes)a 31% 0.46 40% 0.49 29% 0.46 25% 0.44
Communicationa 0.57 0.04 0.57 0.04 0.58 0.04 0.56 0.03
Descriptive norms (non-BDSM) 4.46 1.09 4.60 1.09 4.47 1.07 4.36 1.09
Descriptive norms (BDSM) 5.47 1.18 5.71 1.22 5.38 1.21 5.35 1.09
Injunctive norms (non-BDSM) 4.84 1.13 4.86 1.13 4.78 1.14 4.87 1.12
Injunctive norms (BDSM) 5.92 1.06 5.99 1.16 5.84 1.01 5.93 1.01
Disruptiveness 2.62 1.11 2.37 1.03 2.63 1.10 2.79 1.16

aMeans and standard deviations for the overall sample were calculated using a smaller sample of eligible responses (ns ranging from 267 to 275). Communication scores were continuous. Response options for descriptive norms, injunctive norms, and disruptiveness ranged from 1 (strongly disagree) to 7 (strongly agree)