Table 9.

USPs and diabetic retinopathy, diabetic nephropathy, diabetic neuropathic pain, diabetic foot, diabetic cardiomyopathy.

USPs and Diabetic Retinopathy
Enzymes	Function	Mechanism	References
USP1	Improving DR outcomes	Alleviating β-cell death, inhibiting VEGF-induced leakage	(109, 127, 128)
USP14	Leading to severer DR	Activating inflammatory response through the TGF-β1 signal transduction, IκBα and NF-κB signaling pathway s in HG-treated Müller cells, as well as reactive oxygen species (ROS)	(126)
USPs and Diabetic Nephropathy
Enzymes	Function	Mechanism	References
USP9X	Protecting renal epithelial cells and alleviating DN	Preventing EMT induced by HG in NRK-52E cells, downregulating TGF-β1 and FN	(129, 130)
USP14	Aggravating podocyte injury and DN	Interacting with SPAG5-AS1	(131)
USP15	Increasing HG-induced podocyte apoptosis, oxidative stress and inflammation	Reducing the expression of Nrf2 target genes and Nrf2 activation in podocytes	(132)
USP22	Alleviating diabetic renal fibrosis, aggravating HG-induced apoptosis and inflammation in podocytes	Activating Sirt1 signaling pathway	(133–135)
USP36	Aggravating DN	Deubiquitinating DOCK4 and aggravating GEF-mediated EMT	(136)
USPs and Diabetic Neuropathic Pain
Enzymes	Function	Mechanism	References
USP5	Affecting the DNP	Interacting with Cav3.2	(137, 138)
USP15	Alleviating DNP	Promoting the ubiquitination and degradation of Nrf2, reducing the expression of G6PD	(106, 137)
USPs and Diabetic Foot
Enzymes	Function	Mechanism	References
USP7	Slowing the progression of diabetic wound healing	Upregulating in HUVECs and diabetic foot ulcers	(107)
USP30	Inhibiting wound healing in diabetic rats	Activating NLRP3 inflammasomes by deubiquitinating NLRP3	(105)
USPs and Diabetic Cardiomyopathy
Enzymes	Function	Mechanism	References
USP8	Reducing blood glucose	Interacting with Parkin	(104)
USP10	Reducing the risk of MI	Deubiquitinating NICD1, modulating Notch signaling pathway	(139)