. 2012 Jul 19;27(5):339–345. doi: 10.1177/1533317512452039

Table 2.

The Results of Each Item

			Caregivers^a	Patients^b	Disc^c	Pred. C^d	Pred. P^e
		CDR	Mean ± SD	Mean ± SD	P value
Intellectual functioning domain
1	Problems with remembering dates	0.5	1.17 ± 0.83^g	0.92 ± 0.67^g	.429
		1	1.91 ± 0.79^h	1.30 ± 0.76^h	.016^f
		2	2.61 ± 0.50^h	1.11 ± 0.76^h	<.001^h
2	Problems with orientation in new places	0.5	0.42 ± 0.51^f	0.25 ± 0.45	.166
		1	1.17 ± 1.03^h	0.74 ± 0.92^g	.047^f
		2	1.78 ± 1.00^h	0.78 ± 0.73^h	.004^g
3	Problems with remembering telephone call	0.5	0.50 ± 0.67^f	0.33 ± 0.49^f	.551
		1	1.43 ± 0.79^h	0.65 ± 0.71^h	<.001^h
		2	2.06 ± 1.11^h	0.17 ± 0.38	<.001^h
4	Problems with understanding conversations	0.5	0.58 ± 0.67^f	0.33 ± 0.49^f	.389
		1	1.13 ± .63^h	0.52 ± 0.59^h	.002^g
		2	1.78 ± 0.88^h	0.11 ± 0.47	<.001^h
5	Problems with signing your name	0.5	0.08 ± 0.29	0.00 ± 0.00	.339
		1	0.22 ± 0.42^f	0.17 ± 0.49	.747
		2	1.33 ± 1.14^h	0.00 ± 0.00	<.001^h
6	Problems with understanding the newspaper	0.5	0.25 ± 0.45	0.58 ± 0.67^f	.166
		1	1.00 ± 0.95^h	0.43 ± 0.51^h	.020^f		.221^f
		2	1.94 ± 0.94^h	0.11 ± 0.32	<.001^h
7	Problems with keeping belongings in order	0.5	0.75 ± 0.97^f	0.58 ± 0.79^f	.551
		1	1.61 ± 0.99^h	0.43 ± 0.66^g	<.001^h
		2	2.44 ± 0.70^h	0.22 ± 0.43^f	<.001^h
8	Problems with remembering where things were left	0.5	1.50 ± 0.80^h	0.83 ± 0.39^h	.005^g	.555^f
		1	1.78 ± 0.80^h	1.04 ± 0.64^h	.001^g	.352^g
		2	2.33 ± 0.77^h	0.83 ± 0.51^h	<.001^h
9	Problems with writing	0.5	0.67 ± 0.89^f	0.33 ± 0.49^f	.166
		1	0.96 ± 0.71^h	0.52 ± 0.79^g	.022^f	.934^h	.533^h
		2	2.17 ± 0.86^h	0.28 ± 0.75	<.001^h
10	Problems with handling money	0.5	0.50 ± 1.00	0.25 ± 0.62	.082
		1	1.04 ± 1.07^h	0.35 ± 0.71^f	.015^f
		2	2.06 ± 1.00^h	0.11 ± 0.47	<.001^h
11	Problems with orientation in your neighborhood	0.5	0.33 ± 0.89	0.08 ± 0.29	.389
		1	0.65 ± 0.83^g	0.30 ± 0.56^f	.103
		2	1.39 ± 1.14^h	0.11 ± 0.32	<.001^h
12	Problems with remembering appointments	0.5	0.67 ± 0.89^f	0.50 ± 0.52^g	.504		.766^g
		1	1.78 ± 0.95^h	0.78 ± 0.67^h	<.001^h		.388^g
		2	1.94 ± 0.80^h	0.56 ± 0.62^g	<.001^h
13	Problems with practicing favorite hobbies	0.5	0.17 ± 0.39	0.25 ± 0.45	.674
		1	0.83 ± 0.94^h	0.39 ± 0.72^f	.038^f	−.309^f
		2	1.67 ± 0.97^h	0.28 ± 0.75	<.001^h
14	Problems with communicating with people	0.5	0.08 ± 0.29	0.25 ± 0.45	.339
		1	0.74 ± 0.69^h	0.35 ± 0.49^g	.025^f
		2	1.39 ± 0.92^h	0.00 ± 0.00	<.001^h	−.471^h
15	Problems with mental calculations	0.5	0.42 ± 0.67	0.83 ± 0.39^h	.054
		1	1.17 ± 0.89^h	1.22 ± 0.80^h	.852		.322^g
		2	1.83 ± 1.10^h	0.83 ± 1.15^g	.022^f		.523^g
16	Problems with remembering shopping lists	0.5	0.75 ± 0.87^f	0.58 ± 0.51^g	.638
		1	1.65 ± 0.93^h	0.74 ± 0.81^h	<.001^h
		2	2.22 ± 0.81^h	0.50 ± 0.71^g	<.001^h
17	Problems with bladder control	0.5	0.17 ± 0.58	0.00 ± 0.00	.339
		1	0.39 ± 0.84^f	0.13 ± 0.34	.186
		2	1.00 ± 1.03^g	0.00 ± 0.00	.001^g	.382^g
18	Problems with understanding the plot of a movie	0.5	0.25 ± 0.45	0.42 ± 0.51^f	.438
		1	1.09 ± 0.67^h	0.52 ± 0.51^h	.006^g
		2	1.67 ± 1.03^h	0.11 ± 0.32	<.001^h
19	Problems with orientation in the house	0.5	0.00 ± 0.00	0.00 ± 0.00	–
		1	0.13 ± 0.34	0.00 ± 0.00	.083
		2	0.94 ± 1.11^g	0.00 ± 0.00	.002^g
20	Problems with doing home activities	0.5	0.92 ± 1.16^f	0.42 ± 0.67	.166
		1	1.09 ± 1.04^h	0.22 ± 0.42^f	.001^g
		2	2.06 ± 0.94^h	0.11 ± 0.32	<.001^h
21	Problems with feeding oneself	0.5	0.42 ± 1.00	0.00 ± 0.00	.175
		1	0.17 ± 0.49	0.04 ± 0.21	.266
		2	1.00 ± 1.14^g	0.06 ± 0.24	.004^g	.490^h
22	Problems with doing clerical work	0.5	0.92 ± 1.16^f	0.75 ± 0.97^f	.504	.439^f
		1	1.52 ± 1.08^h	0.74 ± 1.10^g	.002^g
		2	2.33 ± 0.84^h	0.94 ± 1.35^g	.002^g	.574^h	.439^f
	Sum	0.5	11.50 ± 10.48^h	8.50 ± 4.87^h	0.389
		1	23.48 ± 9.68^h	11.61 ± 6.66^h	<.001^h
		2	39.94 ± 14.65^h	7.22 ± 4.14^h	<.001^h
Mood and behavior domains
23	More rigid and inflexible about decisions	0.5	0.75 ± 0.87^f	0.58 ± 0.90^f	.339
		1	1.57 ± 0.90^h	0.61 ± 0.72^g	<.001^h
		2	2.06 ± 0.80^h	0.94 ± 1.21^g	.003^g
24	More egotistical and self-centered	0.5	0.92 ± 0.90^g	0.58 ± 0.67^f	.266
		1	1.39 ± 0.94^h	0.26 ± 0.45^f	<.001^h
		2	1.56 ± 0.86^h	0.67 ± 0.97^f	<.001^h
25	More irritable	0.5	0.50 ± 0.67^f	0.58 ± 0.51^g	.723
		1	0.96 ± 0.93^h	0.39 ± 0.58^g	.020^f
		2	1.22 ± 0.88^h	0.83 ± 1.04^g	.149
26	More frequent crying episodes	0.5	0.08 ± 0.29	0.42 ± 0.51^f	.104
		1	0.48 ± 0.79^g	0.43 ± 0.66^g	.770
		2	0.67 ± 0.84^g	0.83 ± 0.99^g	.636
27	Laughing inappropriately	0.5	0.08 ± 0.29	0.17 ± 0.39	.586
		1	0.17 ± 0.39^f	0.22 ± 0.52	.770
		2	0.39 ± 0.61^f	0.06 ± 0.24	.029^f
28	Increased sexual interest	0.5	0.00 ± 0.00	0.17 ± 0.39	.166
		1	0.13 ± 0.34	0.09 ± 0.29	.665
		2	0.11 ± 0.32	0.06 ± 0.24	.579
29	Less interest in favorite activities	0.5	0.50 ± 0.67^f	.42 ± 0.51^f	.723
		1	1.00 ± 0.85^h	.65 ± 0.93^g	.088
		2	1.61 ± .92^h	.61 ± 1.04^f	.001^g
30	More depressed	0.5	.83 ± 0.83^g	.42 ± 0.67	.096
		1	1.13 ± 0.87^h	0.70 ± 0.76^h	.038^f
		2	1.33 ± 0.69^h	.56 ± 0.92^f	.012^f
	Sum	0.5	3.67 ± 2.77^h	3.33 ± 2.99^h	0.768
		1	6.83 ± 3.41^h	3.35 ± 2.92^h	<.001^h
		2	8.94 ± 2.60^h	4.56 ± 4.00^h	<.001^h

Abbreviation: SD, standard deviation; CDR, Clinical Dementia Rating scale.

^a Scores of caregivers were analyzed by one-sample t test, and statistically significance was denoted.

^b Scores of caregivers patients were analyzed by one-sample t test, and statistically significance was denoted.

^c Discrepancy between caregivers’ and patients’ assessment, showing severity of anosognosia; discrepancy was evaluated by paired t test.

^d Predictors of distress in caregivers were analyzed by multivariate regression model, and statistically significant standardized beta value was shown in the column.

^e Predictors of distress in patients were analyzed by multivariate regression model, and statistically significant standardized beta value was shown in the column.

^f P < .05.

^g P < .01.

^h P < .001.