TABLE 5.
Association between the presence of potential bacterial LRTI pathogens in sputum and mortality among 215 symptomatic hospitalized patients with negative Xpert Ultra result
| Bacterial pathogens | Survival status | Crude OR (95% CI) |
Adjusted ORa (95% CI) |
||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Alive | Died | ||||
| Haemophilus spp. | Absent | 107 (51.9) | 3 (33.3) | ref | |
| Present | 99 (48.1) | 6 (66.7) | 2.1 (0.55–10.4) | ||
| Staphylococcus spp. | Absent | 132 (64.1) | 6 (66.7) | ref | |
| Present | 74 (35.9) | 3 (33.3) | 0.8 (0.42–1.48) | ||
| Streptococcus pneumoniae/ pseudopneumoniae | Absent | 156 (75.7) | 3 (33.3) | ref | ref |
| Present | 50 (24.3) | 6 (66.7) | 6.2 (1.58–30.4)b | 5.31 (1.29–26.6) | |
| Moraxella catarrhalis/nonliquefaciens | Absent | 165 (80.1) | 3 (33.3) | ref | ref |
| Present | 41 (19.9) | 6 (66.7) | 8.0 (2.03–39.4) | 12.1 (2.67–72.8) | |
| Mycoplasma pneumoniae | Absent | 202 (98.1) | 6 (66.7) | ref | ref |
| Present | 4 (1.9) | 3 (33.3) | 25.2 (4.24–143) | 34.5 (4.79–292.3) | |
| Bordetella pertussis | Absent | 205(99.5) | 8 (88.9) | ref | |
| Present | 1 (0.5) | 1 (11.1) | 25.6 (0.95–689) | ||
| Opportunistic bacteria pathogens | |||||
| HIV positive or elderly patients | 66 | 5 | |||
| Rothia aeria | Absent | 44 (66.7) | 3 (60.0) | ref | |
| Present | 22 (33.3) | 2 (40.0) | 1.33 (0.16–8.61) | ||
| Pseudomonas aeruginosa | Absent | 65 (98.5) | 4 (80.0) | ref | |
| Present | 1 (1.5) | 1 (20.0) | 16.2 (0.57–468) | ||
| Acinetobacter baumannii | Absent | 64 (96.9) | 5 (100) | ref | |
| Present | 2 (3.03) | 0 (0.0) | 3.38 (NA-3.3 e+183) | ||
| Streptococcus pyogenes | Absent | 65 (98.5) | 5 (100) | ref | |
| Present | 1 (1.5) | 0 (0.0) | 8.3 (NA- 1.2 e+206) | ||
a
Adjusted for rural residence, body mass index, or HIV status. NA: Infinitive number.
b
Boldface shows association.