Table 5.
Examining whether alcohol consumption moderates the relationship between simultaneous use and consequences
| Consequences | Simultaneous vs. alcohol-only use OR [95 % CI] | Day Type × Drinks OR [95 % CI] | Simple slopes – Heavier drinking days OR [95 % CI] | Simple slopes – Lighter drinking days OR [95 % CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Negative consequences (21) | ||||
| Nausea or vomitinga | 0.97 [0.36, 2.60] | – | – | – |
| Dizziness | 1.99 [0.95, 4.17] | 0.67 [0.55, 0.83]*** | 0.57 [0.22, 1.46] | 6.92 [2.42, 19.81]*** |
| Headache | 1.79 [0.74, 4.30] | 0.75 [0.61, 0.93]*** | 0.73 [0.32, 1.67] | 4.40 [1.17, 16.62]* |
| Difficulty concentrating | 3.32 [1.40. 7.88]*** | 0.61 [0.49, 0.76]*** | 0.69 [0.27, 1.77] | 15.94 [4.46, 57.00]*** |
| Felt sleepy | 1.16 [0.61, 2.22] | – | – | – |
| Ate poorly or too much | 3.82 [1.81, 8.06]*** | – | – | – |
| Was rude or obnoxious | 0.84 [0.16, 4.31] | – | – | – |
| Hurt or injured self by accidenta | 2.27 [0.63, 8.14] | 0.66 [0.45, 0.98]* | 0.61 [0.15, 2.51] | 8.32 [1.01, 68.30]* |
| Verbally or physically aggressivea,b | 1.20 [0.15, 10.03] | – | – | – |
| Embarrassed selfa | 0.61 [0.30, 1.27] | 0.72 [0.55, 0.95]* | 0.22 [0.08, 0.60]** | 1.72 [0.50, 5.97] |
| Interacted with someone in a way later regretteda | 1.13 [0.43, 2.98] | – | – | – |
| Romantic/sexual experience later regretteda | 1.60 [0.37, 6.87] | – | – | – |
| Spent more money than wanted toa | 0.57 [0.15, 2.13] | – | – | – |
| Felt less social or avoided othersa | 0.59 [0.23, 1.48] | – | – | – |
| Felt anxious, worried, or paranoid | 2.16 [1.01, 4.62]* | 0.69 [0.55, 0.86]*** | 0.65 [0.24, 1.75] | 7.16 [2.41, 21.24]*** |
| Felt down, depressed, or sad | 1.40 [0.68, 2.88] | 0.82 [0.71, 0.93]* | 0.73 [0.32, 1.66] | 2.59 [1.24, 5.42]* |
| Became fixated on something bothersome | 3.06 [1.60, 5.86]*** | – | – | – |
| Texted or used social media in a way later regretteda | 1.16 [0.61, 2.21] | – | – | – |
| Slept worse than usual | 0.94 [0.54, 1.63] | – | – | – |
| Memory loss | 2.13 [1.15, 3.95]* | – | – | – |
| Hangover | 1.54 [0.90, 2.64] | 0.73 [0.57, 0.95]* | 0.58 [0.20, 1.68] | 4.10 (1.75, 9.63)** |
| Positive consequences (14) | ||||
| Able to express feelings more easily | 1.16 [0.54, 2.47] | – | – | – |
| Felt more energetic | 1.58 [0.85, 2.93] | 0.83 [0.69, 0.99]* | 0.86 [0.36, 2.08] | 2.89 [1.26, 6.65]* |
| Mood improved | 1.91 [1.12, 3.24]* | – | – | – |
| More sociable | 1.31 [0.87, 1.98] | – | – | – |
| Felt more confident | 0.96 [0.54, 1.74] | – | – | – |
| Felt relaxed | 2.26 [1.29, 3.96]** | 0.77 [0.65, 0.92]** | 1.00 [0.48, 2.11] | 5.11 [2.29, 11.40]*** |
| Forgot worries/problems | 2.61 [1.44, 4.72]** | 0.77 [0.63, 0.95]* | 1.14 [0.53, 2.45] | 5.99 [2.22, 16.18]*** |
| Shared a laugh with others | 1.61 [1.06, 2.46]* | 0.81 [0.70, 0.94]** | 0.83 [0.47, 1.45] | 3.16 [1.56, 6.37]** |
| Bonded or felt closer to others | 1.54 [1.01, 2.37]* | 0.79 [0.67, 0.95]* | 0.75 [0.37, 1.53] | 3.20 [1.59, 6.41]** |
| Positive romantic/sexual experiencea | 1.25 [0.66, 2.37] | – | – | – |
| Made a new friend or acquaintance | 1.39 [0.77, 2.50] | – | – | – |
| Had a really fun/exciting time | 1.79 [1.96, 3.33]* | – | – | – |
| Had a creative moment/experiencea | 2.55 [1.09, 5.99]* | 0.72 [0.58, 0.89]** | 0.89 [0.34, 2.34] | 7.31 [2.16, 24.81]*** |
| Slept better than usuala | 1.93 [0.97, 3.85] | – | – | – |
Notes: OR = odds ratio; CI = confidence interval.
a
Model did not control for other drug use because other drug use never occurred on days when this consequence was reported (i.e., no variability in this predictor);
b
model did not control for nicotine use because nicotine use never occurred on days when this consequence was reported (i.e., no variability in this predictor).
*
p < .05;
**
p < .01;
***
p < .001.