Figure 1.

Alteration of the IFN pathway in APS: consistent findings across independent studies. Recent independent studies have shed light on alteration of the IFN pathway in APS. Notably, three distinct investigations have consistently reported the upregulation of IFN-related genes in patients with APS, demonstrating their significant association with various clinical features such as autoantibody profile, thrombosis and pre-eclampsia. Despite the diversity in study cohorts, sample types (whole blood, PBMCs and neutrophils) and methodologies (RNAseq and RT-PCR), the consistent finding across all studies is upregulation of the IFN pathway. ML: machine learning; ROC AUC: area under the receiver operating characteristics curve