Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Dec 17;58(2):242–257. doi: 10.1007/s43441-023-00593-3

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

PMC Copyright notice

Pregnancy and breastfeeding initiatives from health authorities, industry associations, and research/academic groups. Relevant initiatives include the Association of the British Pharmaceutical Industry (ABPI) Maternal Health Project Group [8], the BELgian interdisciplinary initiative to enhance pregnancy related data REGistration and research on medication use (BELpREG) [43], the European Federation of Pharmaceutical Industries and Associations (EFPIA)—International Council for Harmonisation of Technical Requirements for Pharmaceuticals for Human Use (ICH) Proposal on Pregnant Individuals in Clinical Trials [44], the European Network of Centres for Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacovigilance (ENCePP) Special Interest Group on Drug Safety and Pregnancy [45], the European Network of Teratology Information Services (ENTIS) [46], the Innovative Medicines Initiative (IMI) ConcePTION [7], the United States Task Force on Research Specific to Pregnant Women and Lactating Women [9], the Japan Drug Information Institute in Pregnancy [47], the International Coalition for Medicines Regulatory Authorities (ICMRA) Pregnancy and Lactation Workshop [48], the United Kingdom (UK) Safer Medicines in Pregnancy and Breastfeeding Consortium [49], the Universal Pregnancy Registry (Pregistry) [50], Mothers of Tomorrow [51], MotherToBaby [52], Medication Safety in Pregnancy [53], and the Harvard Program on Perinatal and Pediatric Pharmacoepidemiology [54].