Table 4.
Maximum observed concentration (CMax) for each individual amino acid, total BCAA, total EAA, and total amino acids
| PPC + BC30 | PPC | PPC + BC30 vs. PPC | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Amino acid | Mean | SD | Mean | SD | p value (t test) | ES (d) | % | 95% CI |
| Arginine | 147.3 | 42.5 | 139.7 | 39.3 | 0.258 | 0.19 | 5.4 | (− 5.9, 21.1) |
| Glutamine | 670.0 | 123.2 | 655.7 | 105.2 | 0.225 | 0.12 | 2.2 | (− 9.3, 38.0) |
| Citrulline | 32.4 | 8.5 | 31.7 | 9.2 | 0.586 | 0.08 | 2.2 | (− 1.9, 3.2) |
| Serine | 100.7 | 26.1 | 96.9 | 20.7 | 0.257 | 0.16 | 3.9 | (− 2.9, 10.6) |
| Asparagine | 157.4 | 59.7 | 151.7 | 49.8 | 0.367 | 0.10 | 3.8 | (− 7.1, 18.5) |
| Glycine | 224.2 | 83.9 | 208.8 | 52.5 | 0.160 | 0.22 | 7.4 | (− 6.4, 37.3) |
| Threonine | 114.4 | 27.0 | 111.2 | 23.5 | 0.339 | 0.13 | 2.9 | (− 3.6, 10.0) |
| Alanine | 267.7 | 59.0 | 251.3 | 47.0 | 0.054 | 0.31 | 6.5 | (− 0.27, 32.9) |
| Ornithine | 72.1 | 22.9 | 69.7 | 23.7 | 0.493 | 0.10 | 3.4 | (− 4.8, 9.7) |
| Methionine | 23.7 | 5.2 | 23.5 | 5.7 | 0.672 | 0.04 | 0.9 | (− 1.0, 1.5) |
| Proline | 135.6 | 37.5 | 125.7 | 31.5 | 0.069 | 0.29 | 7.9 | (− 0.80, 20.4) |
| Lysine | 213.1 | 31.8 | 203.5 | 33.8 | 0.066 | 0.29 | 4.7 | (− 0.67, 20.0) |
| Aspartic acid | 5.8 | 2.9 | 5.0 | 1.9 | 0.125 | 0.33 | 16.0 | (− 0.24, 1.8) |
| Histidine | 62.7 | 14.4 | 60.7 | 17.2 | 0.553 | 0.13 | 3.3 | (− 4.7, 8.5) |
| Valine | 147.3 | 42.5 | 139.7 | 39.3 | 0.258 | 0.19 | 5.4 | (− 5.9, 21.1) |
| Glutamic Acid | 42.4 | 16.9 | 40.5 | 16.7 | 0.550 | 0.11 | 4.7 | (− 4.5, 8.3) |
| Tryptophan | 62.0a | 16.7 | 55.1 | 14.8 | 0.003 | 0.44 | 12.5 | (2.5, 11.3) |
| Leucine | 172.7 | 27.0 | 165.6 | 25.2 | 0.170 | 0.27 | 4.3 | (− 3.2, 17.5) |
| Phenylalanine | 52.4 | 7.6 | 51.5 | 8.2 | 0.510 | 0.11 | 1.7 | (− 1.8, 3.5) |
| Isoleucine | 100.4 | 15.2 | 95.6 | 15.8 | 0.148 | 0.31 | 5.0 | (− 1.8, 11.4) |
| Cysteine | 32.9a | 5.2 | 31.2 | 6.0 | 0.021 | 0.30 | 5.4 | (0.28, 3.2) |
| Tyrosine | 77.4 | 15.7 | 77.0 | 16.1 | 0.856 | 0.03 | 0.5 | (− 4.2, 5.0) |
| Total BCAA | 537.3 | 76.1 | 510.5 | 72.9 | 0.083 | 0.36 | 5.2 | (− 3.7, 57.3) |
| Total EAA | 940.2a | 115.7 | 893.2 | 120.4 | 0.049 | 0.40 | 5.3 | (0.17, 93.9) |
|
Total amino acids |
2969.6a | 423.4 | 2840.6 | 358.9 | 0.035 | 0.33 | 4.5 | (10.0, 248.2) |
Data provided is means ± SD. CMax = Maximum observed concentration (in μmol/L) for each condition
aBetween-group difference (p < 0.05) using paired samples t test. % = Percent difference between groups