Table 4.

Regression analysis with fixed effects for lagged variables.

Variables			Model 5		Model 6		Model 7		Model 8		Model 9		Model 10		Model 11		Model 12
			OMa–LOSb–levels of EHRc adoption with 1-year lag (Prob>F=0.0047)		OM–LOS–levels of EHR adoption with 2-year lag (Prob>F=0.0271)		OM–RRd–levels of EHR adoption with 1-year lag (Prob>F=0.0010)		OM–RR–levels of EHR adoption with 2-year lag (Prob>F=0.0202)		TMe–LOS–levels of EHR adoption with 1-year lag (Prob>F=0.6885)		TM–LOS–levels of EHR adoption with 2-year lag (Prob>F=0.6738)		TM–RR–levels of EHR adoption with 1-year lag (Prob>F=0.6492)		TM–RR– levels of EHR adoption with 2-year lag (Prob>F=0.5143)
Levels of EHR adoption			0.022		0.004		1.681		2.229		1.564		–1.547		–164.0		268.8
Average LOS			0.000		–9.46e–06		N/Af		N/A		0.001		–0.012		N/A		N/A
RR			N/A		N/A		0.818		2.192		N/A		N/A		–186.4		169.8
Levels of EHR adoption and average LOS			–0.000		–4.26e–06		N/A		N/A		–0.002		0.013		N/A		N/A
Levels of EHR adoption and RR			N/A		N/A		–1.663		–2.232		N/A		N/A		166.2		–271.7
Market competition (HHIg)			0.219h		–0.068		0.223h		–0.068		3.610		–3.275		3.749		–3.103
Medicare percentage			0.063i		0.024		0.068h		0.030		–2.419		0.523		–2.416		0.783
Medicaid percentage			0.018		0.891h		0.018		0.092h		1.742		–2.822		1.741		–2.838
Years
	2014	Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference		Reference
	2015	0.014h		–0.006		0.014h		–0.006		–1.057		–0.714		–1.178		–0.910
	2016	0.011h		–0.008i		0.009		–0.008i		0.141		0.482		0.048		0.323
	2017	0.010h		–0.018j		0.009i		–0.018h		0.008		0.508		–0.126		0.229

^aOM: operating margin.

^bLOS: length of stay.

^cEHR: electronic health record.

^dRR: readmission rate.

^eTM: total margin.

^fN/A: not applicable.

^gHHI: Herfindahl-Hirschman Index.

^hP<.05.

ⁱP<.10.

^jP<.001.