Table 3.
Logistic regression models of associations between smoking status and smell or taste disorders, taste disorder, and smell disorder among US adults, aged ≥18 years, who reported their smoking status and responded to taste and smell questions in the 2021 National Health Interview Survey (NHIS)
| Tobacco product | Taste disorder | Smell disorder | Smell or Taste disorder | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) (N=29444) | AOR (95%CI) (N=29442) | OR (95%CI) (N=29421) | AOR (95%CI) (N=29419) | OR (95%CI) (N=29403) | AOR (95%CI) (N=29401) | |
| Non-tobacco user ® | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 | 1 |
| Cigarettes only | 1.17* (1.02–1.34) | 1.14 (0.98–1.31) | 1.20* (1.06–1.36) | 1.16* (1.02–1.31) | 1.23* (1.10–1.38) | 1.17* (1.04–1.32) |
| E-cigarettes only | 1.26 (0.87–1.81) | 1.33 (0.90–1.94) | 1.45* (1.06–1.98) | 1.47* (1.05–2.04) | 1.34* (1.00–1.78) | 1.38* (1.02–1.87) |
| Cigar, pipe, or smokeless tobacco only | 1.00 (0.84–1.19) | 1.12 (0.94–1.33) | 1.07 (0.92–1.24) | 1.17* (1.00–1.37) | 1.04 (0.91–1.19) | 1.15* (1.00–1.33) |
| Poly-tobacco product users | 1.31* (1.18–1.45) | 1.37* (1.23–1.54) | 1.41* (1.28–1.55) | 1.46* (1.31–1.62) | 1.39* (1.27–1.51) | 1.44* (1.31–1.58) |
AOR: adjusted odds ratio; adjusted for age, gender, race, and income. ® Reference category.
*
Statistical significance (p<0.05).