Table 2.

Common causes of peripheral neuropathy (Jones et al., 2019; Papanas & Ziegler, 2015).

Patient’s background: hereditary and previous trauma
Toxin: alcohol and cigarette
Disease:  Hematological disease  Cardiovascular disease; vasculitis, hypertension, and dyslipidemia  Metabolic derangement; overweight, obesity, hyperglycaemia, hyperthyroidism/ hypothyroidism  Infections; HIV, diphtheria, and hepatitis B  Autoimmune disease  Chronic inflammation  Malignancy  Kidney disease
Drug:  Cardiovascular agents; statins and amiodarone  Chemotherapeutic agents; platinum compounds, vinca alkaloids, taxanes  Antibiotics; isoniazid, ethambutol, linezolid, metronidazole, interferons, leflunomide  Anti-HIV (NRTIs); zalcitabine, didanosine, stavudine, lamivudine  Drug-induced vitamin B12 deficiency; proton-pump inhibitors, H2-receptor antagonists and antacids

Abbreviation: human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTIs).