. 2024 Feb 8;132(2):027003. doi: 10.1289/EHP13159

Table 2.

Mean skin and body temperature in 16 older adults at the end of randomized 8-h exposures to a range of conditions simulating those experienced indoors during hot weather and heat waves (26–36°C).

Variable	Ambient temperature ( $mean \pm SD$ )				Difference from 22°C [mean (95% CI)]^a			Linear trend ( $Δ / ° C$ $T_{ambient}$ )^a
Variable	22°C	26°C	31°C	36°C	26°C	31°C	36°C	Linear trend ( $Δ / ° C$ $T_{ambient}$ )^a
Mean skin temperature (°C)	31.7 (0.9)	32.9 (0.4)	34.9 (0.3)	35.9 (0.5)	1.2 (0.8, 1.6) $lowercase italic p less than 0.001$	3.2 (2.8, 3.5) $lowercase italic p less than 0.001$	4.2 (3.8, 4.6) $lowercase italic p less than 0.001$	0.31 (0.28, 0.34) $lowercase italic p less than 0.001$
Mean body temperature (°C)	35.9 (0.4)	36.3 (0.3)	37.0 (0.2)	37.4 (0.3)	0.4 (0.2, 0.6) $lowercase italic p less than 0.001$	1.2 (1.0, 1.3) $lowercase italic p less than 0.001$	1.6 (1.4, 1.7) $lowercase italic p less than 0.001$	0.12 (0.10, 0.13) $lowercase italic p less than 0.001$

Note: Values are mean and SD or mean and 95% CI of data measured at the end of the 8-hour indoor exposure simulations or during a specialized battery of cardiac autonomic response tests performed during the seventh hour of exposure. Data reported for $lowercase italic n equals 16$ unless otherwise indicated. CI, confidence interval; SD standard deviation.

^{^a}

Estimated marginal mean difference and linear trend derived from a linear mixed-effects model adjusted for baseline values. $p$ -Values are adjusted for multiplicity using the Holm-Bonferroni technique. All variables were considered a family of comparisons and adjusted simultaneously.