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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Feb 8.
Published in final edited form as: Environ Res Health. 2023 Apr 11;1(2):025005. doi: 10.1088/2752-5309/acc4e1

Table 3.

Associations between each SES or race/ethnicity variable and PM2.5 or ozone from univariate linear regressions.

PM2.5 Ozone
Characteristic Beta 95% CIa p-value Beta 95% CIa p-value
% Expensive homes −0.070 −0.083, −0.056 <0.001 −0.00033 −0.00034, −0.00031 <0.001
% Low income 0.044 0.031, 0.058 <0.001 0.00028 0.00027, 0.00029 <0.001
% High income −0.168 −0.200, 0.135 <0.001 −0.00078 −0.00081, −0.00076 <0.001
% Poverty −0.028 −0.045, 0.012 <0.001 0.00027 0.00026, 0.00028 <0.001
SEP Index −0.285 −0.351, 0.220 <0.001 0.00158 0.00153, 0.00164 <0.001
Concentrated Disadvantage −1.164 −1.430, 0.899 <0.001 0.00253 0.00230, 0.00276 <0.001
% Unemployed −0.024 −0.045, 0.002 0.031 0.00041 0.00039, 0.00043 <0.001
% White 0.184 0.175, 0.192 <0.001 0.00019 0.00018, 0.00020 <0.001
% Black −0.191 −0.216, 0.166 <0.001 −0.00051 −0.00053, −0.00049 <0.001
% Asian −0.157 −0.173, 0.140 <0.001 −0.00055 −0.00056, −0.00054 <0.001
% Hispanic/Latino −0.171 −0.179, 0.163 <0.001 0.00001 0.00001, 0.00002 <0.001
% Working class 0.079 0.058, 0.099 <0.001 0.00068 0.00067, 0.00070 <0.001
Smoking prevalence 70.656 66.436, 74.875 <0.001 0.08732 0.08364, 0.09099 <0.001
a

CI = confidence interval