Table 3. Comparison of the clusters according to physical and functional variables (n = 145).
| Variables | Group 1 (n = 46) | Group 2 (n = 94) | P-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| n (%) | Mean (± SDa) | n (%) | Mean (± SDa) | ||
| Regular physical activity | |||||
| Yes | 17 (36.9) | 24 (25.5) | 0.933* | ||
| No | 29 (63.1) | 70 (74.4) | |||
| Handgrip strength1 | 30.6 (± 6.0) | 16.0 (± 3.6) | P < 0.001† | ||
| Physical performance (SPPB) | |||||
| Balance2 | 3.2 (± 1,1) | 2.5 (± 1.3) | 0.006‡ | ||
| LL strength2 a | 1.3 (± 1.0) | 1.0 (± 0.7) | 0.840‡ | ||
| Gait2 | 2.4 (± 1.0) | 1.8 (± 1.0) | 0.010‡ | ||
| Total SPPB3 b | 7.3 (± 2.1) | 5.5 (± 2.6) | 0.010† | ||
| Functional performance | |||||
| FIM items c | |||||
| Feeding4 | 6.8 (± 0.5) | 6.7 (± 0.8) | 0.607† | ||
| Motor self-care | |||||
| Grooming | 6.9 (± 0.3) | 6.8 (± 0.7) | 0.297† | ||
| Having a bath | 6.7 (± 0.6) | 6.3 (± 1.3) | 0.013† | ||
| Dressing upper body | 6.9 (± 0.3) | 6.5 (± 1.1) | 0.015† | ||
| Dressing lower body | 6.5 (± 0.7) | 6.1 (± 1.2) | 0.127† | ||
| Using toilet | 6.9 (± 0.3) | 6.6 (± 0.7) | 0.063† | ||
| Sphincter control | |||||
| Bladder management | 6.4 (± 1.2) | 5.3 (± 2.0) | 0.003† | ||
| Bowel management | 6.5( ± 0.9) | 6.6 (± 0.9) | 0.810† | ||
| Transfer to/from bed | 6.7 (± 0.4) | 5.3 (± 2.0) | 0.142† | ||
| Wheelchair | 6.8 (± 0.4) | 6.6 (± 0.9) | 0.024† | ||
| Transfer to/from toilet | 6.7 (± 0.5) | 6.5 (± 0.7) | 0.094† | ||
| Mobility | |||||
| Transfer to/from bathtub or shower | 6.5 (± 0.7) | 6.5 (± 0.9) | 0.045† | ||
| Walking/wheelchair | 6.5 (± 0.7) | 6.1 (± 1.0) | 0.094† | ||
| Stairs | 6.0 (± 0.7) | 117.8 (± 7.4) | P < 0.001† | ||
| FIM total | 117.9 (± 7.4) | 117.8 (± 7.4) | 0.010† | ||
aSD = standard deviation; *Chi-square test; 1Handgrip strength; values: from 0 to 50 kg; †Student t test; 2Values: from 1 to 4, going from worst to best performance respectively; ªLL = lower limb; ‡Mann-Whitney test; 3Values: from 1 to 12, going from worst to best performance respectively; bShort Physical Performance Battery; cFIM: Functional Independence Measure; 4Values: from 1 to 7, going from complete dependence to complete independence, respectively.