TABLE V.

Comparison of RCTs from 2014 to 2022 with RCTs from 1998 to 2000 and from 2001 to 2013^*

	1988-2000	2001-2013	2014-2022	P Value
No. of published trials	72	285	218
Publications per year	5.5	21.9	24.2	0.261
Mean transformed Detsky score†	68.1% ± 1.6%	76.2% ± 0.7%	84.6% ± 9.6%	<0.001
Mean modified risk-of-bias score†	NR	6.40 ± 0.71	7.3 ± 1.3	<0.001
Trials reporting positive results‡	81.9%	50.5%	65.1%	<0.001
Multicenter trials‡	67%	31%	33.0%	<0.001
Reported receiving funding‡	56.9%	52.6%	47.2%	0.263
Sample size§	NR	165.6 (17.9)	156.8 (12.5)	0.705
Trials reporting an a priori power analysis‡	NR	67.7%	83.9%	<0.001
Study type (no. [%] of trials)				<0.001
Surgical	30 (41.7%)	183 (64.2%)	162 (74.3%)
Nonsurgical	16 (22.2%)	45 (15.8%)	38 (17.4%)
Drug	26 (36.1%)	57 (20.0%)	18 (8.3%)

^*NR = not reported. Bold indicates significance.

^†Values are given as the mean ± standard deviation.

^‡Values are given as the proportion of the total number of published studies for that period.

^§Values are given as the mean, with the standard error in parentheses.