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. 2017 Sep 25;33(1):20–29. doi: 10.1177/1533317517727068

Table 2.

Cognitive parameters, serum level of BDNF and irisin before and after eight weeks.

Characteristics PH (n = 11) ME (n = 11) PH + ME (n = 13) CO (n = 9)
Pre Post Pre Post Pre Post Pre Post
WM (N) 7.90 (2.34) 7.81 (2.08) 7.90 (2.47) 9.45 (2.65)a,b,c 7.30 (2.01) 8.37 (2.93)a 6.66 (2.44) 6.44 (2.24)
PS (cn/90s) 16.45 (5.57) 16.32 (2.25) 17.45 (5.41) 19.45 (7.20)a,b,c 14.30 (4.19) 15.23 (4.71) 15.77 (5.40) 15.66 (4.64)
RT (ms) 2911.81 (282.50) 2715.81 (445.16) 2519.63 (306.52) 2229.81 (312.96)a 2489.92 (527.58) 2386.38 (444.94) 3115.33 (393.21) 2831.44 (306.30)
EN (N) 7.63 (1.96) 7.45 (2.25) 8.27 (1.67) 6.54 (1.29)a,c 7.00 (1.94) 5.84 (1.67) 7.66 (2.00) 7.88 (1.67)
Irisin (ng/ml) 11.23 (2.77) 11.47 (3.08) 10.57 (1.99) 9.92 (1.66) 10.38 (1.02) 11.33 (2.04)a,c,d 13.67 (5.23) 12.87 (4.95)
BDNF (pg/mL) 1167.46 (473.91) 1122.41 (542.66) 1328.45 (282.10) 1678.72 (356.56)a,c 1326.84 (278.34) 1516.76 (307.67)a 1507.10 (427.46) 1317.40 (506.83)

Abbreviations: BDNF, brain derived neurotrophic factor; CO, control group; EN, error number; ME, mental training; PH, physical training; PS, processing speed; RT, reaction time; WM, working memory.

aSignificant differences between the pretest and posttest values in ME group (P = .004) and ME+PH (P = .020), between the b ME and CO groups (P = .012), c ME and PH groups (P = .014) in score of working memory.

a Significant differences between the pretest and posttest values in the ME group (P = .011), between the b ME and CO groups (P = .024), c ME and PH groups (P = .012) in processing speed. a Significant differences between the pretest and posttest values in the ME group (P = .001) in reaction time. a Significant differences between the pretest and posttest values in the ME group (P = .002), between the c ME and CO groups (P = .019) in error number.

a Significant differences between the pretest and posttest values in the ME+PH group (P = .020), between the c ME+PH and ME groups (P = .027), d ME+PH and CO groups (P = .021) in irisin levels. a Significant differences between the pretest and posttest values in the ME group (P = .013) and ME+PH group (P = .008), between the c ME and CO groups (P = .024) in BDNF (Brain Derived Neurotrophic Factor) levels.