. 2013 Jan 2;28(2):111–119. doi: 10.1177/1533317512470209

Table 5.

Recommendations for the Use of Alzheimer’s Dementia Biomarkers.

	Biomarkers of Aβ Accumulation		Biomarkers of Neuronal Injury
Level of evidence and strength of recommendation^a	Abnormal tracer retention on amyloid PET imaging	Low CSF Aβ42	Elevated CSF Tau (total or phosphorylated)	Decreases FDG uptake on PET involving temporoparietal cortex	Atrophy on MRI, involving medial, basal and lateral temporal lobes and medial and lateral cortices.
Management of patients with dementia: A national clinical guideline¹⁹		2⁺⁺, B^b	2⁺⁺, B^b
Management of dementia³⁶	III, C^c	III, C^b	III, C^b	III, C^b	III, C^b
Clinical practice guidelines about comprehensive care for people with Alzheimer’s disease and other dementias³⁴		2⁺⁺, B^b	2⁺⁺, B^b
EFNS guidelines for the diagnosis and management of Alzheimer’s disease³⁰		I, B^c	I, B^c	I, B^c	I, B^c

Abbreviations: CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; FDG, fluorodeoxyglucose; EFNS, European Federation of Neurological Societies; MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; PET, positron emission tomography.

^a Inside cells: level of evidence, grade of recommendation.

^b Recommendation against use of biomarker.

^c Recommendation unclear for use of biomarker.