Table 2.
Synthesized Sensitivity and Specificity Estimates for Diagnostic Accuracy of Alzheimer’s Disease: Clinical, CSF, PET, SPECT, and MRI.
| Author, Year | Clinicala | CSF | PET | SPECT | MRI | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| SN, % | SP, % | SN, % | SP, % | SN, % | SP, % | SN, % | SP, % | SN, % | SP, % | |
| Allan et al, 2010 21 | 86b | 89b | 63 | 93 | ||||||
| Andreasen and Blennow, 2005 22 | >80b | >80b | ||||||||
| 82c | 88c | |||||||||
| Andreasen et al, 2003 23 | 86b | 91b | ||||||||
| 82c | 88c | |||||||||
| 86d | 91d | |||||||||
| Bailey, 2007 24 | 85-90b | 85-90b | ||||||||
| 82c | 88c | |||||||||
| Blennow and Hampel, 2003 10 | 86b | 90b | ||||||||
| 81c | 90c | |||||||||
| 80d | 92d | |||||||||
| Bloudek et al, 2011 3 | 80b | 82b | 90e | 89e | 90 | 85 | 83 | 89 | ||
| 82c | 90c | |||||||||
| 80d | 83d | |||||||||
| Cedazo-Minguez and Winblad, 2010 12 | 94 | 73-78 | ||||||||
| Dewan and Gupta, 1992 27 | 88% | 91% | 86 | 96 | ||||||
| Dougall et al, 2004 28 | 68-100 | 65-91 | ||||||||
| Dubois et al, 2007 6 | 86b | 90b | 88-95 | 62-74 | 65-80 | 65-93 | >85 | >85 | ||
| 81c | 90c | |||||||||
| 80d | 92d | |||||||||
| Durand-Martel et al, 2010 13 | 76% | 58% | 84e | 74e | ||||||
| 92.9 | 78.6 | |||||||||
| Formichi et al, 2006 29 | 84.6b | 89.8b | ||||||||
| 80.8c | 89.1c | |||||||||
| EFNS, 2007 | 81% | 70% | ||||||||
| SIGN, 2006 | ≤80% | |||||||||
| Jacova et al, 2007 31 | 53-80% | 67-99% | ||||||||
| Jagust, 2004 32 | 93 | 76 | ||||||||
| Jelic and Wahlund, 2007 33 | ≥80f | ≥80f | ≥80 | ≥80 | ||||||
| Knopman et al, 2001 4 | 81% | 70% | 78-92b | 81-83b | 93 | 63 | 77-89 | 43-94 | ||
| 80-97c | 86-95c | |||||||||
| Mitchell, 2009b 37 | 77.6d | 87.9d | ||||||||
| Mitchell and Brindle, 2003 38 | 93% | 55% | 80d | 84d | ||||||
| Patwardhan et al, 2004 39 | 86 | 86 | ||||||||
| Pupi et al, 2005 40 | 93 | 73 | ||||||||
| Silverman et al, 1999 41 | 93 | 74 | 78 | 71 | 79-83 | 69-85 | ||||
| Sjogren et al, 2003 42 | 86.1b | 90.8b | ||||||||
| 81.6d | 88.4d | |||||||||
| Sonnen et al, 2008 44 | 100 | 90 | ||||||||
| Sunderland et al, 2003 45 | 92b | 89b | ||||||||
| Ronald and Nancy Reagan Research Institute of the Alzheimer's Association and the National Institute on Aging Working Group, 1998 17 | 100b | 63b | ||||||||
| 82c | 70c | |||||||||
| Wahlund et al, 2005 46 | >80 | >80 | ||||||||
| Waldemar, 1995 47 | 90-100 | 85-100 | ||||||||
| Wiltfang et al, 2005 48 | 78-85b | 81-84b | ||||||||
| 44-94d | 90-100d | |||||||||
| Yuan et al, 2009 15 (conversion from MCI to AD) | 88.8e | 84.9e | 83.8 | 70.4 | 72.8 | 81.0 | ||||
| Zakzanis, 1998 49 | 95 | 71 | ||||||||
Abbreviations: MRI, magnetic resonance imaging; SPECT, single-photon emission computed tomography; PET, positron emission tomography; CSF, cerebrospinal fluid; MCI, mild cognitive impairment; AD, Alzheimer’s disease; FDG, 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose; ADRDA, Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Disorders Association; DSM-III-R, Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (Third Edition Revised); Aβ1-42, 42 amino acid form of amyloid; P-tau, phosphorylated tau protein; T-tau, total tau protein; SN, sensitivity; SP, specificity.
a Includes NINCA-ADRDA, DSM-III-R, or similar clinical assessments of dementia symptoms.
b Aβ1-42.
c T-tau.
d P-tau
e FDG-PET.
f Perfusion, dopamine, and glucose tested.