Figure 4.

(a) The circular, square, and ramp high-SNR signals used for ${\mu }^1$ in Simulations 1, 2, and 3, respectively. (b) Binary images for ${\mathcal{A}}_c^1,{\mathcal{A}}_c^2$, and ${\mathcal{F}}_c$, for Simulations 1, 2, and 3. (c) Instances of the high- and low-SNR data generated for study condition 1 in Simulation 1. (d) The estimated mean signal for study condition 1, ${\hat{\mu }}^1$, in Simulation 1, generated using $n=120$ high-SNR, and low-SNR, simulated data instances.