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. 2024 Jan 26;15:1347683. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1347683

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Copyright © 2024 Yang, Li, Zhu, Wang, Zhang, Zhao, Zhang, Zhu, Xu and Xu

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Expression changes in metabolic pathways regulated by PAK2 in pancreatic cancer liver metastasis. (A-C) Upregulated metabolic pathways in PAK2 high-expression cells compared to low-expression cells. (A) Oxidative phosphorylation. (B) Glycolysis/Gluconeogenesis. (C) Folate biosynthesis. (D-F) Downregulated metabolic pathways in PAK2 high-expression cells compared to low-expression cells. (D) Arginine biosynthesis. (E) Sphingolipid metabolism. (F) Primary bile acid biosynthesis. (G, H) Expression patterns of the six significantly altered metabolic pathways in the comparison between primary tumor and liver metastasis and between PAK2 high-expression and low-expression cells. (G) Primary tumor vs. liver metastasis. (H) PAK2 high-expression cells vs. PAK2 low-expression cells.