Fig. 7.

The protocol and stressors used for CURD and CUMR. In order to establish the CUMR model, a combination of various stressors includes interference of constraint (a), damp bedding (b), cage shaking (c), tail suspension (d), forced swimming (e), and cage tilting (f). Among these six stressors, two were randomly selected and administered daily for a duration of 3 weeks. On the other hand, to establish the CUMR model, a set of behavioral constraints includes circadian rhythm (g), sleep deprivation (h), interference of cone light (i), interference of followed spotlight (j), high temperature stress (k), stroboscopic illumination (l), noise disturbance (m), and foot shock (n). Similarly, two out of these eight constraints were randomly chosen and applied daily for a period of 3 weeks⁶²