Table 4.

Dose-effect relationship between high-intensity interval exercise pairs and cardiorespiratory fitness in children and adolescents with overweight or obesity.

Subgroup	Heterogeneity test			Category	sample size	effect size and 95%CI	Two-tailed test
	x 2	I 2	p				Z	p
Intervention period				4 ~ 8 wk	67	0.62(0.13,1.12)	2.47	0.01
	4.75	57.9	0.09	8 ~ 10 wk	66	0.46(−0.03,0.95)	1.83	0.07
				over 10 wk	448	1.04(0.74,1.34)	6.76	<0.00001
Intervention repetitions				2 ~ 8 sets	320	1.13(0.71,1.55)	5.3	<0.00001
	3.94	49.2	0.14	8 ~ 12 sets	151	0.80(0.47,1.14)	4.67	<0.00001
				over 12 sets	133	0.57(0.23,0.93)	3.22	<0.001
Load time				15 s ~ 1 min	371	1.09(0.76,1.42)	6.39	<0.00001
	5.36	62.7	0.07	1 ~ 2 min	69	0.84(0.22,1.45)	2.66	0.008
				over 3 min	141	0.53(0.19,0.87)	3.06	0.002
Rest time				15 s ~ 1 min	371	1.09(0.76,1.42)	6.39	<0.00001
	4.11	51.3	0.13	1 ~ 2 min	89	0.69(0.16,1.21)	2.57	0.01
				3 ~ 4 min	100	0.54(0.08,1.00)	2.31	0.02
Load/rest ratio				ratio<1	45	0.78(0.17,1.40)	2.51	0.01
	3.43	41.6	0.18	ratio = 1	318	1.11(0.73,1.50)	5.65	<0.00001