TABLE III.

Characteristics of Patients Who Traveled a Short Distance to a Low-Volume Facility and Patients Who Traveled a Long Distance to a High-Volume Facility

Characteristic	Short-Distance and Low-Volume Facility Group (N = 1,382)	Long-Distance and High-Volume Facility Group (N = 1,126)	P Value
Age* (yr)	54 (35, 73)	40 (20, 59)	<0.001
Age			<0.001
<18 years	10.4%	20.6%
≥18 years	89.6%	79.4%
Sex			0.293
Male	57.4%	55.2%
Female	42.6%	44.8%
Race or ethnicity			<0.001
White	75.0%	83.9%
Black	9.9%	7.0%
Hispanic	9.5%	6.0%
Asian	3.5%	1.2%
Other	2.1%	1.9%
Modified Charlson-Deyo Comorbidity Index score			<0.001
0	77.8%	84.6%
1	15.6%	12.5%
≥2	6.6%	2.9%
Tumor stage			<0.001
I	45.7%	48.4%
II	23.3%	36.2%
III	2.1%	2.0%
IV	28.9%	13.4%
Diagnosis			<0.001
Osteosarcoma	24.4%	35.5%
Ewing sarcoma or primitive neuroectodermal tumor	11.4%	11.7%
Chondrosarcoma	41.9%	39.5%
Others	22.3%	13.3%
Insurance			<0.001
Private	43.1%	58.4%
Medicare	38.9%	17.9%
Medicaid	12.3%	16.5%
Other government	1.1%	2.9%
Uninsured	4.6%	4.3%
ZIP Code-level income			<0.001
<$38,000	17.3%	24.9%
$38,000 to $47,999	21.9%	32.2%
$48,000 to $63,000	24.3%	28.4%
>$63,000	36.5%	14.5%
ZIP Code-level lack of high-school education			<0.001
<7.0%	27.5%	19.1%
7.0% to 12.9%	35.0%	32.4%
13.0% to 20.9%	20.8%	28.9%
≥21.0%	16.7%	19.6%
Rurality			<0.001
Metropolitan	95.7%	60.1%
Suburban	4.3%	35.3%
Rural	0.0%	4.6%
Facility location			<0.001
Pacific	13.8%	14.4%
Mountain	5.3%	7.9%
West North Central	7.1%	20.8%
East North Central	19.9%	11.5%
Middle Atlantic	15.3%	6.8%
New England	7.2%	1.0%
West South Central	9.2%	0.0%
East South Central	5.0%	17.5%
South Atlantic	17.2%	20.1%

^*The values are given as the median, with the interquartile range in parentheses.