5-HMF	5-hydroxymethylfurfural
ABG	mature black garlic
ABGE	mature black garlic extract
ABTS	2,2′-Azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diammonium salt radical cation
Akt/mTOR	Protein kinase B/mammalian target of rapamycin
ALP	alkaline phosphatase
ALT	alanine transaminase
AST	alanine aminotransferase
BAK	Bcl-2 homologous antagonist/killer
BAX	bcl-2-like protein 4
BCL-2	B-cell lymphoma 2
BG	black garlic
BIM	pro-apoptotic protein BCL2L11
CEABG	chloroform extract of aged black garlic
COX-2	cyclooxygenase 2
DADS	diallyl disulfides
DAS	diallyl sulfides
DATS	diallyl trisulfides
DEN	diethylnitrosamine
DPPH	2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl
DW	dry weight
FG	fresh garlic
FRG	fresh raw garlic
FM	fresh matter.
FW	fresh weight
GSTA2	glutathione S-transferase alpha 2
GAE	garlic acid equivalents
GSH-Px	glutathione peroxidase
GSH-Rd	glutathione reductase
HO-1	heme oxygenase-1
HUVEC	human umbilical vein endothelial cells
ICAM-1	intercellular adhesion molecule
IL	interleukin
iNOS	inducible isoform nitric oxide synthases
JNK	c-Jun N-terminal kinases
LPS	lipopolysaccharides
MAPK	mitogen-activated protein kinases
MCL-1	induced myeloid leukemia cell differentiation protein 1
MDA	maldialdehyde
ND	not determined
Nrf2	nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2
NF-κB	nuclear factor kappa B
NO	nitric oxide
NQO1	qui-none-oxidoreductase-1
OSC	allicin-derived organosulfur compounds
PGE2	prostaglandin E2
RE	rutin equivalents
ROS	reactive oxygen species
RT-PCR	reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction
SAC	S-Allyl-Cysteine
SAMC	S-allyl-Mercapto-Cysteine
SOD	superoxide dismutase
TBIL	total bilirubin
TEAC	Trolox Equivalent Antioxidant Capacity Assay
TFC	Total Flavonoid Content
TGF-β1	transforming growth factor β1
TNF-α	tumor necrosis factor alpha
TPC	Total Phenolic Content
VCAM-1	vascular cell adhesion molecule-1