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. 2024 Jan 26;25(3):1525. doi: 10.3390/ijms25031525

Table 3.

The influence of platelet lysate (PL) and platelet-rich fibrin (PRF) on properties of selected polymer-based biomaterials for skin tissue engineering applications.

Biomaterial Platelet Lysate/Platelet-Rich Fibrin Application Main Advantages Ref.
Freeze-dried chitosan–dipotassium hydrogen orthophosphate (CS/DHO) scaffold

  • PL 1 added to biomaterial during the fabrication process

  • The CS/DHO/PL biomaterial possessed the ability to release PL proteins in a sustained manner for up to 5 days in response to the changing pH

  • The CS/DHO/PL scaffold did not exhibit cytotoxicity towards HSFs 2

 [69]
Electrospun sodium alginate/pullulan scaffold (SA/PUL)

  • PL 1 added to biomaterial during the fabrication process

  • PL 1 added to biomaterial after the fabrication process

  • The SA/PUL/PL biomaterial released significantly higher amounts of protein when compared to the SA/PUL biomaterial coated with PL

  • Both the SA/PUL/PL and SA/PUL biomaterial coated with PL promoted the viability and proliferation of human fibroblasts in vitro

 [135]
Electrospun fibrin/poly(ether)urethane scaffold

  • PL 1 added to biomaterial during the fabrication process

  • The biomaterial exhibited an initial burn release of GFs on day 1, followed by sustained release during the next 7 days

  • The biomaterial supported the viability of the mouse fibroblasts in vitro

  • The biomaterial accelerated wound closure after 14 days in mice

 [136]
Freeze-dried collagen/sulfated hyaluronan scaffold (collagen/sHA3)

  • PRF 3 added to biomaterial after fabrication process—incubation for 1 h at 37 °C

  • The collagen/sulfated hyaluronan scaffold possessed the ability to release growth factors

  • The collagen/sulfated hyaluronan scaffold accelerated the healing of the full-thickness wound in rats

 [137]
3D-printed carboxylmethyl chitosan/oxidized alginate grafted catechol scaffold (CMCs/O-AlgCat)

  • PRF 3 added to biomaterial during the fabrication process

  • The CMCs/O-AlgCat biomaterial released GFS in a sustained manner up to 10 days

  • The CMCs/O-AlgCat biomaterial supported the viability and proliferation of the mouse fibroblasts in vitro

  • The CMCs/O-AlgCat biomaterial promoted the healing of infected burn wounds in rats

 [138]

1 PL—platelet lysate; 2 HSFs—human skin fibroblasts; 3 PRF—platelet-rich fibrin.