Table 1.
The values of the variables used for estimation of ADD, HI, and CR.
| Parameters | Abbreviation | Units | Values | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Body weight | BW | kg | 70 (adult); 15 (child) | [28] |
| Average time | AT | days (d) | ED × 365 (non-carcinogenic) | [25,27,28] |
| Exposure duration | ED | year (y) | 30 (adult); 6 (child) | [27,28] |
| Exposure frequency | EF | d/y | 350 | [25,27,28] |
| Exposure time | ET | h/d | 0.58 (adult), 1 (child) | [28] |
| Ingestion rate | IR | L/d | 2 (adult); 0.64 (child) | [28] |
| Exposed skin area | SA | cm2 | 18,000 (adult), 6600 (child) | [28] |
| Dermal permeability coefficient | Kp | cm/h | 1 × 10−3 (As, Cd, Cu, Mn, Fe); 2 × 10−3 (Cr); 1 × 10−4 (Pb); 2 × 10−4 (Ni); 6 × 10−4 (Zn), 1 × 10−3 (NO3−) | [25,27,28] |
| Ingestion reference dose | RfDing | µg/kg/d | 0.03 (As), 0.5 (Cd), 3.0 (Cr), 40 (Cu), 24 (Mn), 20 (Ni), 1.4 (Pb), 300 (Zn), 300 (Fe), 1600 (NO3−) | [25,27,28] |
| Dermal reference dose | RfDdermal | µg/kg/d | 0.285 (As); 0.025 (Cd); 0.075 (Cr); 12 (Cu); 0.96 (Mn); 0.8 (Ni); 0.42 (Pb); 60 (Zn); 45 (Fe), 800 (NO3−) | [25,27,28] |
| Carcinogenic slope factor via ingestion | SFing | µg/kg/d | 0.0015 (As) | [25,28] |
| Dermal contact slope factor | SFdermal | µg/kg/d | 0.0036 (As) | [25,28] |