Table 2.

Summary of drugs with diuretic properties studied in WHF with trials and their main findings.

Drug	Trials and Main Findings	Reference
SGLT2i	EMPAG-HF: In patients with acute decompensated HF, the early initiation of Empagliflozin on top of standard diuretic improves urinary output.	[52]
	EMPA-RESPONSE-AHF: In acute HF patients, the use of Empagliflozin is associated with reduction in WHF, death and rehospitalization, and increased urinary output.	[53]
	EMPULSE trial: Starting Empagliflozin in patients admitted for AHF is associated with early and effective decongestion.	[54]
	DAPA-RESPONSE-AHF: In patients with acute HF, Dapagliflozin is associated with diuresis and symptoms improvement.	[55]
Acetazolamide	ADVOR trial: In patients with acute decompensated HF, the addition of Acetazolamide on top of furosemide is associated with increased rate of decongestion.	[56]
HCTZ	CLOROTIC trial: Patients treated with HCTZ on top of intravenous furosemide show significant weight loss and better 24-h urinary output, but no difference in terms of dyspnoea.	[57,58]
Finerenone	FIDELIO-DKD: Finerenone reduces the risk of kidney disease progression and cardiovascular events, including HF hospitalization, in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease.	[59]
	FIGARO-DKD: Finerenone reduces the incidence of new HF and improved HF outcomes in patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic kidney disease, regardless of HF presence.	[61]
	ARTS-HF: Finerenone determines a significant reduction in NT proBNP levels in patients with WHF and diabetes mellitus and/or chronic kidney disease.	[62]

WHF: worsening heart failure; HF: heart failure; AHF: acute heart failure; WHF: worsening heart failure; HCTZ: Hydrochlothiazide; NT proBNP: N-terminal pro B-type natriuretic peptide; SGLT2i: sodium glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors.