| 4-HNE | 4-hydroxynonenal |
| ANT2 | adenine nucleotide translocase 2 |
| ApoE | apolipoprotein E |
| BAT | brown adipose tissue |
| BMI | Body mass index |
| DIO | diet-induced obesity |
| DM | diabetes mellitus |
| ER | endoplasmic reticulum |
| FGF 21 | fibroblast growth factor 21 |
| HbA1c | glycated hemoglobin |
| IDF | International Diabetes Federation |
| IL-1β | interleukin-1β |
| IMCL | intramyocellular lipids |
| IRS | insulin receptor substrate |
| LDL | low density lipoprotein(s) |
| MCP-1 | monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 |
| NEFA | non-esterified fatty acids |
| PAI-1 | Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 |
| RBP4 | retinol binding protein 4 |
| ROS | reactive oxygen species |
| SOCS | suppressor of cytokine signaling |
| TNF-α | tumor necrosis factor-α |
| VLDL | very low density lipoprotein(s) |
| WAT | white adipose tissue |