Table 1.

Comparison of magnesium wheels with aluminum and steel wheels (own study based on the literature [3,5,6]).

	Magnesium Wheels	Aluminum Wheels	Steel Wheels
Advantages	Lighter than steel and aluminum wheels. Greater fuel efficiency, better braking, and longer tire life. Magnesium wheels have much better heat transmission than steel wheels. Better heat transfer helps dissipate heat from the brakes and reduces the risk of brake failures, which often result from overheating. Magnesium wheels have damping properties that exceed 50 times that of aluminum wheels. They can significantly reduce the vehicle’s vibration load, especially in components such as the engine, suspension, and transmission. This effect contributes to improving the overall performance of the vehicle and extends its life.	Lighter than steel wheels. Better fuel economy, better braking, and better tire life. Aluminum wheels have much better heat transmission than steel wheels. Better heat transfer helps dissipate heat from the brakes and reduces the risk of brake failures, which often result from overheating.	Steel wheels cost less than aluminum and magnesium wheels. Steel wheels are heavier than aluminum and magnesium wheels, which can be advantageous when driving in winter. Steel wheels provide the strength and durability required by trucks and heavy equipment.
Disadvantages	Magnesium wheels are susceptible to corrosion. Therefore, protective coatings are applied to them. Magnesium wheels are more expensive than aluminum and steel wheels, which is why they are used for exclusive cars and racing cars.	Less hard and durable than steel wheels. More prone to potential damage than steel wheels. More expensive to purchase and repair than steel wheels. Steel wheels that bend can be repaired, but aluminum wheels do not bend; rather, they break and need to be replaced with newer ones. Aluminum wheels, compared to steel wheels, are susceptible to galvanic corrosion. This causes air leakage from tires if preventive measures are not taken.	They are heavier than magnesium aluminum wheels and can, therefore, be less fuel-efficient, have longer braking distances, and a shorter lifetime.