Figure 3.

Role of miR-146a-5p in the development of asthma and the possible implication of vitamin D₃ supplementation. (a) In asthma, miR-146a-5p acts as a protector factor that improves the inflammatory response and airway smooth muscle proliferation by regulating signaling pathways of cytokines, PAF, and EGFR. (b) Likewise, miR-146a-5p inhibits ILC2 activation, thus decreasing IL-4, IL-5, and IL-13 release, eosinophils, macrophages, and neutrophils infiltration and IgE production. The question marks indicate that Vitamin D₃ supplementation may increase the expression of miR-146a-5p, causing the amplified function of this miRNA, which results in improved asthma symptoms. The red lines illustrate the regulatory effects of both vitamin D₃ and miRNAs. Created with BioRender.com.