| 1A. | Leaves simple phyllodia; seeds with pulpy aril forming a cap or encircling seed; exotic, cultivated plants | Acacia |
| 1B. | Leaves bipinnate; seeds without pulpy aril; native, wild plants | 2 |
| 2A. | Prickles or spinescent stipules absent | 3 |
| 2B. | Prickles or spinescent stipules present | 4 |
| 3A. | Petiole without gland; inflorescences arranged in spheric capitula | Acaciella |
| 3B. | Petiole with gland; inflorescences arranged in elongated spikes | Mariosousa |
| 4A. | Branches without prickles; stipules spinescent, commonly paired; inflorescences arranged in spheric capitula; ovary sessile or subsessile | Vachellia |
| 4B. | Branches with prickles irregularly distributed along the stem, often solitary (not in pairs); stipules membranous, not spinescent; inflorescences arranged in spheric capitula or elongated spikes; ovary elevated on a short axis | Senegalia |