Figure 6.

M. orbicularis augments cisplatin-induced aggregation of A549 lung cancer cells. (A) A549 cells were incubated with M. orbicularis alone (100 or 150 μg/mL) or combined with 5 μg/mL cisplatin (Cis), and then subjected to cell aggregation assay as described in the Materials and Methods Section. (B) Quantification of the data in (A). Micrographs of cells were taken after 1 h of treatment and the percentage of cell–cell aggregations was measured using the following equation: % aggregation = (1 − Nt/Nc) × 100, where Nt is the number of single cells in the control and Nc is the number of single cells in the treated sample. Data represent the mean ± SEM of three independent experiments (n = 3). Significant difference from control: *** p < 0.001, and **** p < 0.0001; significant difference from cisplatin treatment alone: # denotes p < 0.005; and significant difference from M. orbicularis extracts alone: ‡ denotes p < 0.05. M. orbicularis F. denotes M. orbicularis’ fruits’ extracts.