Table 3.
Basic demographic and anthropometric characteristics of the group participants in included studies. F: female; M: male; MAA: middle-aged adults [41–60 years]; NM: not mentioned; OA: older adults [61–85 years]; YA: young adults [21–40 years]. *: calculated from height and weight using the formula: weight/(height)2.
| Author, Year | N (% Female) | Health Status | Age, Years | Weight, kg | Height, cm | BMI, kg/m2 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Toth et al., 2018 [19] | 12 (50%) | Healthy | 35 ± 13 | 72.1 ± 20.5 | 170.7 ± 10.7 | 24.3 ± 4.4 |
| John et al., 2018 [36] | 20 (40%) | Healthy | 26.7 ± 4.9 | NM | NM | 26.1 ± 3.5 |
| Ata et al., 2018 [34] | 114 (23%) | Peripherical artery disease | 69.5 ± 13.1 | 79.6 (16.3) | 172 ± 10 | 26.9 ± 4.7 |
| Tedesco et al., 2019 [39] | 18 (61%) | Healthy | F: 69.7 ± 2.4 M: 69 ± 3.2 |
F: 66.1 ± 4.25 M: 79.7 ± 4.46 |
F: 162.9 ± 5.8 M: 175.8 ± 4.8 |
F: 24.9 * M: 25.8 * |
| Ho et al., 2019 [35] | 90 (46%) | Healthy | 22.90 ± 4.15 | 63.90 ± 12.06 | 168.05 ± 7.62 | 22.52 ± 3.25 |
| Lynn et al., 2020 [37] | 16 (50%) | Healthy | 21.4 ± 1.1 | 70.0 ± 18.1 | 174 ± 10 | 22.8 ± 3.7 |
| Mora-Gonzalez et al., 2022 [38] | YA: 80 (50%) MAA: 80 (50%) OA: 98 (49%) |
Healthy | 30.1 ± 5.8 50.2 ± 5.9 72.6 ± 6.9 |
72.5 ± 14.0 76.3 ± 14.2 72.7 ± 12.6 |
170.7 ± 9.2 171.0 ± 9.2 167.3 ± 8.5 |
24.8 ± 3.4 26.0 ± 4.0 25.9 ± 3.5 |
| Anens et al., 2023 [33] | 30 (70%) | Multiple sclerosis | 49.2 ± 14.0 | NM | NM | 26.6 ± 5.5 |
| Average | - | - | 49.4 ± 20.1 | 73.1 ± 5.3 | 169.9 ± 2.3 | 25.3 ± 1.5 |