Table 1:

Major themes from Reddit posts about Xylazine

Theme	Definition	Example Quotes	Theme Frequency (% of posts theme appeared in) (N=62)
Other Drugs used with Xylazine	Posts that discussed xylazine use with other specific drugs	“Around me it’s usually fetty/etonitazene analogs mixed with Xylazine which is an animal tranq similar chemically to clonidine, and sometimes ketamine is thrown in too alongside synthetic cannabinoids”	53%
Sentiment about Xylazine	Posts that described a positive or negative experience about using xylazine	“I fucking LOVED xylazine… I loved it. I was so upset if my fetty wasn’t cut with it.”	24%
Method of Xylazine use	Posts that described how xylazine was used	“Always break the tiniest crumb off to test new batches. Smoking helps cause it hits pretty fast so you can judge”	6%
Geographic Use	Posts that described a geographic area	“It’s called xylazine… philly’s got that “tranq dope”.. puts you out but you get addicted to that along with the fent!”	37%
Dependence on xylazine and other substances	Posts that discuss dependence, addiction, or withdrawal to xylazine and other substances	“12 hours later from my last shot of this fent/trank/ketamine/xylazine shit i started going thrpigh the worst withdraws ever. drank another 115 methadone and within 15 minutes thru it up everywhere. withdraw is ridiculous and methadone doesnt fucking cut it”	11%
Use of Medications for Opioid Use Disorder (MOUDs)	Posts that discuss buprenorphine, methadone, naltrexone or other MOUDS	“I’m on 80 mgs of methadone .. we started getting weekly take home bottles from this covid shit do I would get a few bags here or there. Thinking ahh I got the methadone to fall back on an I’ll be fine.. well come to find out the shit is heavily cut with xylazine”	2%