Table 2.
Analysis of risk factors of five-year mortality for survivors and non-survivors in the univariate logistic regression model
| VARIABLE | Data | SURVIVORS (n = 278) |
NON-SURVIVORS (n = 297) |
OR (95%CI) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male gender † | 575 | 140/278 (50.36%) | 126/297 (42.42%) | 0.726 (0.523–1.009) | 0.057 |
| Age [years] ‡ | 575 | 65 (58–73) | 81 (73–86) | 1.120 (1.098–1.142) | < 0.001 |
| BMI [kg/m2] ‡ | 558 | 25.93 (23.44–29.90) | 27.21 (24.09–29.98) | 1.020 (0.985–1.056) | 0.274 |
| Length of education [years] ‡ | 500 | 12 (10–14) | 10 (8–12) | 0.875 (0.827–0.926) | < 0.001 |
| Hemorrhagic stroke † | 575 | 18/278 (6.47%) | 26/297 (8.75%) | 1.386 (0.742–2.588) | 0.306 |
| TOAST classification | |||||
| - large-artery atherosclerosis † | 497 | 26/236 (11.02%) | 26/261 (9.96%) | 0.894 (0.503–1.587) | 0.701 |
| - cardioembolism † | 497 | 17/236 (7.20%) | 3/261 (1.15%) | 0.150 (0.043–0.518) | 0.003 |
| - small-vessel occlusion † | 497 | 60/236 (25.42%) | 137/261 (52.49%) | 3.241 (2.215–4.742) | < 0.001 |
| - other determined etiology † | 497 | 130/236 (55.08%) | 93/261 (35.63%) | 0.451 (0.315–0.647) | < 0.001 |
| - undetermined etiology † | 497 | 3/236 (1.127%) | 2/261 (0.77%) | 0.600 (0.099–3.621) | 0.577 |
| Side of stroke | |||||
| - right hemisphere † | 575 | 95/278 (34.17%) | 128/297 (43.10%) | 1.459 (1.041–2.045) | 0.028 |
| - left hemisphere † | 575 | 134/278 (48.20%) | 146/297 (49.16%) | 1.039 (0.749–1.441) | 0.819 |
| - posterior part † | 575 | 43/278 (15.47%) | 16/297 (5.39%) | 0.311 (0.171–0.567) | < 0.001 |
| - more than one localization † | 575 | 6/278 (2.16%) | 7/297 (2.36%) | 1.094 (0.363–3.297) | 0.873 |
| rt-Pa treatment † | 575 | 65/278 (23.38%) | 80/297 (26.94%) | 1.208 (0.828–1.763) | 0.327 |
| Thrombectomy † | 575 | 17/278 (6.12%) | 7/297 (2.36%) | 0.371 (0.151–0.908) | 0.030 |
| Medical history | |||||
| - hypertension † | 572 | 186/278 (66.91%) | 221/294 (75.17%) | 1.497 (1.041–2.155) | 0.030 |
| - diabetes † | 572 | 70/278 (25.18%) | 94/294 (31.97%) | 1.397 (0.969–2.012) | 0.073 |
| - atrial fibrillation † | 573 | 33/278 (11.87%) | 116/295 (39.32%) | 4.811 (3.123–7.411) | < 0.001 |
| - myocardial infraction † | 572 | 33/278 (11.87%) | 48/294 (16.33%) | 1.449 (0.899–2.335) | 0.128 |
| - PCI or CABG † | 572 | 20/278 (7.19%) | 28/294 (9.52%) | 1.358 (0.746–2.471) | 0.317 |
| - smoking – ever † | 553 | 138/277 (49.82%) | 106/276 (38.41%) | 0.628 (0.448–0.881) | 0.007 |
| - previous stroke or TIA † | 567 | 48/277 (17.33%) | 63/290 (21.72%) | 1.324 (0.872–2.011) | 0.188 |
| CIRS, total score ‡ | 572 | 7 (5–10) | 11 (7–14) | 1.200 (1.150–1.252) | < 0.001 |
| Aphasia in hospital † | 575 | 74/278 (26.62%) | 131/297 (44.11%) | 2.176 (1.532–3.090) | < 0.001 |
| Neglect in hospital † | 575 | 21/278 (7.55%) | 52/297 (17.51%) | 2.597 (1.520–4.440) | < 0.001 |
| Vision deficits in hospital † | 575 | 63/278 (22.66%) | 183/297 (61.62%) | 5.478 (3.801–7.895) | < 0.001 |
| Delirium in hospital † | 575 | 28/278 (10.07%) | 138/297 (46.46%) | 7.749 (4.930–12.181) | < 0.001 |
| NIHSS at admission ‡ | 575 | 4 (2–8) | 13 (5–19) | 1.140 (1.110–1.172) | < 0.001 |
| Pre-hospital mRS ‡ | 574 | 0 (0–0) | 0 (0–3) | 2.121 (1.754–2.565) | < 0.001 |
| Pre-hospital IQCODE ‡ | 475 | 78 (78–80) | 80 (78–90) | 1.063 (1.038–1.088) | < 0.001 |
| CRP level in hospital [mg/l] ‡ | 559 | 3.43 (1.59–9.78) | 13.39 (4.86–43.48) | 1.021 (1.014–1.029) | < 0.001 |
† n (%) ‡ median (IQR)