Table 1.
Summary of application functionality (N=64).
| First author, year | Web portal | Devices | Peer | App name | |||
|
|
Monitoring | Wearables | Sensor-based devices |
|
|
||
| Alexander, 2023 [67] | ✓ | Apple Watch | —a | — | mymobility | ||
| An, 2021 [110] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Argent, 2019 [169] | — | IMUb | Avatar | — | — | ||
| Bäcker, 2021 [25] | — | GenuSport | — | — | GenuSport | ||
| Bade, 2020 [166] | — | In-shoe sensors | — | — | — | ||
| Bell, 2020 [90] | ✓ | InterACTION IMU | — | — | — | ||
| Bini, 2017 [71] | ✓ | — | — | — | Capture proof | ||
| Blasco, 2022 [28] | — | — | — | — | WeChat app | ||
| Campbell, 2019 [72] | ✓ | — | — | — | StreaMD | ||
| Chughtai, 2018 [76] | ✓ | — | VERAc | — | VERA | ||
| Chughtai, 2019 [75] | — | — | — | ✓ | PReHab | ||
| Colomina, 2021 [31] | ✓ | Fitbit Flex 2 | — | — | — | ||
| Correia, 2019 [32] | ✓ | IMU | — | — | — | ||
| De Berardinis, 2022 [26] | ✓ | Magnetic sensors with Velcro bands | — | — | kari | ||
| Doiron-Cadrin, 2020 [77] | — | — | — | — | Reacts Lite | ||
| Duong, 2023 [106] | ✓ | Fitbit, ActivPal, Goniometer Pro | — | — | — | ||
| Eichler, 2019 [34] | ✓ | Kinect sensor | — | — | MainReha app | ||
| Eisermann, 2004 [39] | ✓ | Accelerometers, wrist band, chest sensors | Web cams | — | — | ||
| Farr-Wharton, 2020 [108] | ✓ | Garmin Vivosmart heart rate activity tracker | — | — | — | ||
| Fung, 2012 [79] | — | — | Wii sensor balance | — | — | ||
| Gianola, 2020 [35] | — | — | Avatar | — | — | ||
| Gohir, 2021 [36] | ✓ | — | — | — | i-Beat app | ||
| Gray, 2022 [37] | ✓ | — | — | — | Digital Joint School using GoWell health program | ||
| Gunduz, 2021 [38] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Hadamus, 2022 [40] | — | — | Kinetic camera | — | — | ||
| Hardwick-Morris, 2022 [107] | ✓ | — | — | — | Physitrack | ||
| Hong, 2022 [80] | — | — | — | — | Digital Musculoskeletal Surgical Care Program app | ||
| Huang, 2017 [113] | — | — | — | — | Yishu | ||
| Janhunen, 2023 [42] | — | — | Kinect sensor with TV and tablet | — | — | ||
| Juhl, 2016 [44] | ✓ | IMU | — | — | ICURA app | ||
| Klement, 2019 [81] | ✓ | — | — | — | — | ||
| Knapp, 2021 [83] | ✓ | — | — | — | — | ||
| Kramer, 2003 [99] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Kuether, 2019 [85] | ✓ | — | VERA | — | — | ||
| Lam, 2016 [86] | ✓ | IMU | — | — | ReHab system | ||
| Lebleu, 2023 [46] | ✓ | Activity tracker Garmin vívofit 4 | — | — | moveUP Therapy | ||
| LeBrun, 2022 [78] | ✓ | — | — | — | MyChart app | ||
| Li, 2023 [115] | — | — | — | ✓ | — | ||
| Lu, 2021 [117] | — | — | — | ✓ | — | ||
| McDonall, 2022 [147] | ✓ | — | — | — | — | ||
| Mehta, 2020 [6] | ✓ | Activity tracker | — | ✓ | — | ||
| Milliren, 2022 [88] | — | — | — | — | Ubicare Smart X | ||
| Nuevo, 2023 [50] | ✓ | Accelerometer, gyroscope, magnetometer (DyCare) | — | — | ReHub | ||
| Osterloh, 2023 [51] | ✓ | — | — | ✓ | YOLii | ||
| Park, 2017 [118] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Park, 2023 [119] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Piqueras, 2013 [54] | ✓ | (WAGYRO) | Avatar | — | — | ||
| Pournajaf, 2022 [65] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Pronk, 2020 [55] | — | — | — | — | Pain coach app | ||
| Prvu Bettger, 2019 [70] | ✓ | — | VERA | — | — | ||
| Ramkumar, 2019 [92] | ✓ | Motion sensors | — | — | Focus ventures RPM | ||
| Russell, 2011 [105] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Scheper, 2019 [56] | ✓ | — | — | — | Woundcare app | ||
| Su, 2015 [120] | — | Kinect sensor | — | — | — | ||
| Summers, 2023 [93] | ✓ | — | Electro-mechanical device | — | — | ||
| Szöts, 2016 [170] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Timmers, 2019 [62] | — | — | — | — | The Patient Journey app | ||
| Torpil, 2022 [63] | — | — | — | — | — | ||
| Tousignant, 2011 [94] | ✓ | — | — | — | — | ||
| Tripuraneni, 2021 [95] | ✓ | Smart watch | — | — | — | ||
| van Dijk-Huisman, 2020 [64] | ✓ | MOX activity monitor | — | — | — | ||
| Visperas, 2021 [96] | ✓ | — | — | — | — | ||
| Wang, 2023 [121] | — | — | — | ✓ | WeChat app | ||
| Zhang, 2021 [123] | — | — | — | ✓ | WeChat app | ||
aNot applicable.
bIMU: inertial motion unit.
cVERA: Virtual Exercise Rehabilitation Assistant.