Fig. 2. M1-like and M2-like TAMs are shown at opposite ends of a continuous dynamic TAM polarization axis, illustrating their unique roles in the TME.

Both M1-like TAMs and M2-like TAMs have specific cell surface markers and functional factors. M1-like TAMs in the TME undertake roles in promoting inflammation, inhibiting proliferation, eliminating pathogens, and anti-tumor responses. M2-like TAMs in the TME are involved in anti-inflammatory activities, promoting angiogenesis, influencing tissue regeneration and healing, and fostering tumor generation, proliferation, metastasis, and drug resistance. (By Figdraw).