. 2024 Jan 29;15:1334308. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1334308

Table 3.

Factors associated with depression (n: 27) in early IBD.

		Univariate analysis			Multivariate analysis
	HADS Depression >7/total n depression/n total (%)	OR	95% confidence interval	p	Adjusted OR	95% confidence interval	p
Age
<40 years	8/73 (11)	1	0.98–5.9	0.049	0.91	0.26–3.11	0.881
≥40 years	19/83 (22.9)	2.41	0.98–5.9	0.049	0.91	0.26–3.11	0.881
Disease type
CD	20/80 (25.0)	3.29	1.30–8.30	0.009	2.64	0.84–8.25	0.095
UC	7/76 (9.2)	1	1.30–8.30	0.009	2.64	0.84–8.25	0.095
Have children
Yes	21/92 (22.8)	2.86	1.08–7.55	0.029	1.98	0.55–7.11	0.295
No	6/64 (9.4)	1	1.08–7.55	0.029	1.98	0.55–7.11	0.295
Education
Low level	24/107 (22.4)	4.43	1.27–15.52	0.012	3.06	0.73–12.8	0.126
High level	3/49 (6.1)	1	1.27–15.52	0.012	3.06	0.73–12.8	0.126
Active employment
Yes	8/83 (9.6)	1	1.34–8.09	0.007	1.87	0.64–5.1	0.255
No	19/73 (26)	3.3	1.34–8.09	0.007	1.87	0.64–5.1	0.255
Comorbidity
Yes	19/66 (28.8)	4.14	1.68–10.2	0.001	3.32	1.06–10.3	0.038
No	8/90 (8.9)	1	1.68–10.2	0.001	3.32	1.06–10.3	0.038
History of MAD
Yes	6/14 (42.9)	4.32	1.36–13.7	0.008	1.6	0.4–6.29	0.498
No	21/142 (14.8)	1	1.36–13.7	0.008	1.6	0.4–6.29	0.498
Active IBD
Mild	17/63 (27)	3.06	1.29–7.25	0.009	2.35	0.81–6.86	0.116
Moderate to severe	10/93 (10.8)	1	1.29–7.25

Only variables significantly related with depression in the univariate analysis are included in this table. HADS, Hospital anxiety and depression scale; CD, Crohn’s disease; UC, Ulcerative colitis; MAD, Mood and/or anxiety disorders; and IBD, Inflammatory bowel disease. Bold values indicate statistical significance at the p < 0.05 level.