Table 4. Roughness (RMS) Values for the Studied Material Determined at the Large (DHM - 170 μm^a) and Small (AFM −5 μm^b) Scales.

substrate	RMS (nm)a	RMS (nm)b
CR-Ti	86	38
CR-Ti + 1c TiO2	92	35
AM-TNT	91	36
AM-TNT + 1c TiO2	93	34
CR-TNT	72	30
CR-TNT + 1c TiO2	70	27
AM-TiAlV	88	35
AM-TiAlV + 1c TiO2	83	37

^aDHM based analysis (170 μm) with standard error of mean = 4 nm.

^bAFM-based analysis (5 × 5 μm²) with standard error of mean = 3 nm.